ArticlePloS one2019
Pneumococcal vaccination rates in immunocompromised patients-A cohort study based on claims data from more than 200,000 patients in Germany.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recent changes to adult national immunization programs for pneumococcal vaccination in Europe and how they impact coverage: A systematic review of published and grey literature.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Pooled it
- Effectiveness of a Personal Vaccination Recommendation Letter to Liver Transplant Patients and Family Physicians for Improving the Vaccination Status: Improving Vaccinations: Whom to Contact?Clinical transplantation · 2025Trial
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- Low vaccination rates and awareness status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a nationwide cross-sectional survey study.Rheumatology international · 2025Article
- Incidence of pneumococcal disease in children in Germany, 2014-2019: a retrospective cohort study.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
- Immunizing hearts: exploring the vaccination frontier in heart failure management.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Review
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- Influenza, Pneumococcal and Herpes Zoster Vaccination Rates in Patients with Autoimmune Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Clinical and economic burden of pneumococcal disease among individuals aged 16 years and older in Germany.Epidemiology and infection · 2022Article
- Does information by pharmacists convince the public to get vaccinated for pneumococcal disease and herpes zoster?Irish journal of medical science · 2022Article
- Pneumococcal vaccination coverage in individuals (16-59 years) with a newly diagnosed risk condition in Germany.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Sepsis Mortality Is high in Patients With Connective Tissue Diseases Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU).Journal of intensive care medicine · 2022Article
- COVID-19 Vaccination Coverage in Patients with Rheumatic Diseases in a German Outpatient Clinic: An Observational Study.Vaccines · 2022Article
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- Vaccination coverage of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Challenging issues from an outpatient secondary care setting in Greece.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Outcome of Patients With Necrotizing Vasculitis Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) for Sepsis: Results of a Single-Centre Retrospective Analysis.Journal of intensive care medicine · 2021Article
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- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe German Committee on Vaccination recommends pneumococcal vaccination for infants, seniors 60+ years and patients at risk with defined underlying diseases. Aim of this study was to assess the pneumococcal vaccination rate (pnc-VR) in patients with certain incident inherited or acquired immunodeficiency or immunosuppression and to understand who vaccinates these patients who are particularly at high risk to develop a pneumococcal infection.
methodsWe conducted a cohort study in patients aged 2 years or older, with a first episode of a "high-risk" condition between January 2013 and December 2014 based on a representative sample of German claims data. Pnc-VR was calculated as the proportion of patients receiving any pneumococcal vaccine within two years after first episode of "high-risk" condition. Further analyses cover pnc-VR stratified by high risk conditions and region, time to vaccination, and physician specialty administering the pneumococcal vaccination.
resultsThe study population comprised 204,088 incident "high-risk" patients (56% female). The overall pnc-VR within two years was 4.4% (95%-confidence interval: 4.3%-4.5%). Within specific high-risk conditions, we found the highest vaccination rate of 11.5% (10.1%-13.0%) among patients starting immunosuppressants with underlying rheumatoid arthritis followed by 9.9% (7.8%-12.4%) in HIV patients. Stratification by region revealed a slightly higher vaccination rate in Eastern (6.5%: 6.0%-6.9%) compared to Western Germany (4.2%: 4.1-4.3%). Median time to vaccination within the first two years in vaccinated patients was 332.5 days (Q1 142 days, Q3 528 days). The majority of patients (92.6%) got vaccinated by a general practitioner.
conclusionAlthough these vulnerable patients need protection most, our study suggests that the overall pnc-VR after a first episode of a high-risk condition for pneumococcal disease is very low and vaccination is far too late. To prevent pneumococcal disease in patients at high risk, further efforts are needed to increase awareness and improve the timeliness of pneumococcal vaccination.
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