Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31392488›Full record

ReviewJournal of gastroenterology2019

Sarcopenia in cirrhosis: from pathogenesis to interventions.

Maryam Ebadi, Rahima A Bhanji, Vera C Mazurak, Aldo J Montano-Loza

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of gastroenterology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 161 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
161citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
16.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

161 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 283 citations in OpenAlex.

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101 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Maryam EbadiDivision of Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Zeidler Ledcor Centre, University of Alberta, 8540 112 Street NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2X8, Canada.
Rahima A BhanjiDivision of Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Zeidler Ledcor Centre, University of Alberta, 8540 112 Street NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2X8, Canada.
Vera C MazurakDivision of Human Nutrition, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Aldo J Montano-LozaDivision of Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Zeidler Ledcor Centre, University of Alberta, 8540 112 Street NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2X8, Canada. montanol@ualberta.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2511-7980
University of Alberta · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sarcopenia (severe muscle depletion) is a prevalent muscle abnormality in patients with cirrhosis that confers poor prognosis both pre- and post-liver transplantation. The pathogenesis of sarcopenia is multifactorial and results from an imbalance between protein synthesis and breakdown. Nutritional, metabolic, and biochemical abnormalities seen in chronic liver disease alter whole body protein homeostasis. Hyperammonemia, increased autophagy, proteasomal activity, lower protein synthesis, and impaired mitochondrial function play an important role in muscle depletion in cirrhosis. Factors including cellular energy status, availability of metabolic substrates (e.g., branched-chain amino acids), alterations in the endocrine system (insulin resistance, circulating levels of insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1, corticosteroids, and testosterone), cytokines, myostatin, and exercise are involved in regulating muscle mass. A favored atrophy of type II fast-twitch glycolytic fibers seems to occur in patients with cirrhosis and sarcopenia. Identification of muscle biological abnormalities and underlying mechanisms is required to plan clinical trials to reverse sarcopenia through modulation of specific mechanisms. Accordingly, a combination of nutritional, physical, and pharmacological interventions might be necessary to reverse sarcopenia in cirrhosis. Moderate exercise should be combined with appropriate energy and protein intake, in accordance with clinical guidelines. Interventions with branched chain amino acids, testosterone, carnitine, or ammonia-lowering therapies should be considered individually. Various factors such as dose, type, duration of supplementations, etiology of cirrhosis, amount of dietary protein intake, and compliance with supplementation and exercise should be the focus of future large randomized controlled trials investigating both prevention and treatment of sarcopenia in this patient population.

Indexed as

AnimalsDisease Models, AnimalHumansHyperammonemiaLiver CirrhosisMalnutritionMuscle ProteinsMuscle, SkeletalMuscular AtrophyRisk FactorsSarcopeniaMuscle ProteinsInterventionsMechanismsMuscle lossPathways

Identifiers

PMID31392488
PMCPMC6759678
OpenAlexW2965548489

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.