ReviewJournal of virology2019
Host Factors Impact Vaccine Efficacy: Implications for Seasonal and Universal Influenza Vaccine Programs.
Review in Journal of virology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 129 citations in OpenAlex.
- Is there a difference in the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccine in males and females? - A systematic review and meta-analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Pooled it
- Influenza antibody breadth and effector functions are immune correlates from acquisition of pandemic infection of children.Nature communications · 2024Trial
- Ethical and policy implications of vaccinomics in the United States: community members' perspectives.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Trial
- Nanoemulsion adjuvanted COBRA HA vaccine enhances protective antibody titers against H1N1 and H3N2 influenza viruses.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Review
- Article
- Interim Estimates of 2025-26 Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness - California, October 2025-January 2026.MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report · 2026Article
- Intranasal delivery of a COBRA-based protein vaccine adjuvanted with c-di-AMP enhances breadth of protective immune responses against seasonal influenza viruses.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Integrated analysis of humoral and memory B-cell responses reveals distinct immune landscapes shaped by influenza vaccine platforms.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Acute Phase Extrapulmonary Effects of a High-Dose Influenza A Virus Infection in a Mouse Model of Obesity.Zoonotic diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Females with Obesity Exhibit Greater Influenza Vaccine-induced Immunity and Protection than Males in a Mouse Model.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Biological Sex Differences after High and Low Doses of Influenza A Virus Infection in a Diet-induced Obesity Mouse Model.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Humoral response dynamics following inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and their association with subsequent infection and symptoms in individuals with and without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection: evidence from Sichuan Province, China.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Gut microbiota modulate immune responses to orally and parenterally administered rotavirus in mice.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- BCG and beyond: unlocking new frontiers in TB vaccine development.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Elevated NK and T cell-associated cytokines in plasma are associated with serological response to influenza vaccination.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Females with obesity exhibit greater influenza vaccine-induced immunity and protection than males in a mouse model.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Immune aging and infectious diseases.Chinese medical journal · 2024Review
- Dissecting immunological mechanisms underlying influenza viral nucleoprotein-induced mucosal immunity against diverse viral strains.Emerging microbes & infections · 2024Article
- Article
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Influenza is a global public health problem. Current seasonal influenza vaccines have highly variable efficacy, and thus attempts to develop broadly protective universal influenza vaccines with durable protection are under way. While much attention is given to the virus-related factors contributing to inconsistent vaccine responses, host-associated factors are often neglected. Growing evidences suggest that host factors including age, biological sex, pregnancy, and immune history play important roles as modifiers of influenza virus vaccine efficacy. We hypothesize that host genetics, the hormonal milieu, and gut microbiota contribute to host-related differences in influenza virus vaccine efficacy. This review highlights the current insights and future perspectives into host-specific factors that impact influenza vaccine-induced immunity and protection. Consideration of the host factors that affect influenza vaccine-induced immunity might improve influenza vaccines by providing empirical evidence for optimizing or even personalizing vaccine type, dose, and use of adjuvants for current seasonal and future universal influenza vaccines.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.