ReviewParasites & vectors2019
Integration of schistosomiasis control activities within the primary health care system: a critical review.
Review in Parasites & vectors, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Government health care worker training needs for intestinal schistosomiasis morbidity management.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Integration of deworming into primary healthcare in Western Kenya: a quasi-experimental evaluation.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Schistosomiasis japonicum burden in adult villagers of Qingshan Island, China: a cross-sectional study on prevalence, intensity, knowledge and risk factors.Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · 2025Article
- Prevalence of schistosome infection among children under two years of age: a brief report from medium-to-high endemic regions of Schistosoma mansoni in Madagascar.Tropical medicine and health · 2025Article
- A cross-sectional study on schistosomiasis prevalence, intensity and risk factors in Kassala State, Sudan.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Research on health education and health promotion during the process of schistosomiasis elimination III new approaches for student health education.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Prevention and control of schistosomiasis in the Philippines from a health education perspective.Frontiers in public health · 2025Review
- Capacities and needs of health care facilities for schistosomiasis diagnosis and management in elimination settings.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- A mixed method analysis of the Botswana schistosomiasis control policy and plans using the policy triangle framework.Global health research and policy · 2023Article
- Stakeholders' Perspectives on the Application of New Diagnostic Devices for Urinary Schistosomiasis in Oyo State, Nigeria: A Q-Methodology Approach.Global health, science and practice · 2022Article
- Association Between the Prevalence of Schistosomiasis in Elementary School Students and Their Parental Occupation in Sudan.The Korean journal of parasitology · 2022Article
- Healthcare Workers' Low Knowledge of Female Genital Schistosomiasis and Proposed Interventions to Prevent, Control, and Manage the Disease in Zanzibar.International journal of public health · 2022Article
- Transmission Dynamics ofInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Primary health care facilities capacity gaps regarding diagnosis, treatment and knowledge of schistosomiasis among healthcare workers in North-western Tanzania: a call to strengthen the horizontal system.BMC health services research · 2021Article
- Immunoinformatics Design of Multi-Epitope Peptide-Based Vaccine AgainstFrontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Genomic and transcriptional analysis of genes containing fibrinogen and IgSF domains in the schistosome vector Biomphalaria glabrata, with emphasis on the differential responses of snails susceptible or resistant to Schistosoma mansoni.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Positive impact of preventative chemotherapy during a national helminth control program: Perception and KAP.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSchistosomiasis is a chronic disease linked to poverty and is widely endemic, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. For decades, the World Health Organization has called for a larger role of the primary health care system in schistosomiasis control, and its integration within the routine activities of primary health care facilities. Here, we reviewed existing studies on the integration of schistosomiasis control measures within the primary health care system, more precisely at the health centre, and we analysed their outcomes.
methodsAn online search of studies published via PubMed and Embase databases was carried out until December 2017. Keywords were used to identify articles related to the integration of schistosomiasis control within the primary health care system, especially at the health centre level. Studies on integration of the following control measures were included: diagnosis and treatment, supplemented or not with (i) health education; (ii) snail control; and (iii) clean water supply and sanitation. A qualitative review was undertaken. To conclude on the effectiveness of an intervention, intermediate outcomes (knowledge, attitude and practice, coverage, access to health care) and distal outcomes (prevalence, incidence, mortality) were considered, and pre/post-intervention results were compared.
resultsOf 569 records found, 11 met the inclusion criteria. Studies were classified in three groups, according to the control measures they included. Integration of diagnosis and treatment, and health education in the first group resulted in an improvement of knowledge level of care providers, access to health care and health care seeking behaviour of the community. However, no positive effect was observed on the knowledge level of symptoms and modes of transmission at the community level. Most studies in the second group (with snail control as additional measure) and the third group (with clean water supply and sanitation as additional measure) showed a positive effect on schistosomiasis prevalence and incidence post-intervention, independent of the additional control measures implemented.
conclusionsThe results of this review suggest a positive impact of integration of schistosomiasis control within the primary health care system. However, more robust studies are needed, especially in resource-limited regions, for conclusive evidence on the effectiveness and the sustainability of this strategy.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.