ArticleBMC public health2019
Socioeconomic inequalities in non-communicable disease risk factors in Botswana: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC public health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Factors affecting fruit and vegetable consumption and purchase behavior of adults in sub-Saharan Africa: A rapid review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- Economic inequality in malnutrition: a global systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ global health · 2021Pooled it
- Decomposing wealth-based inequalities in ideal cardiovascular health in Kenya.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- [Probability of premature death due to chronic noncommunicable diseases: challenges to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals in Brazil ad its Federatives Units].Cadernos de saude publica · 2025Article
- Gender, residence, and socioeconomic differences in the relationship of nutrition literacy with vegetable and fruit intake in adults.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- A comparative study of fruit and vegetable consumption and its association with metabolic risk factors for non communicable diseases among rural and urban males in Zimbabwe.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Exploring the Self-Efficacy of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Assessment Focusing on a Low-Income, Less-Educated Community of Quetta City, Pakistan.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2025Article
- Multiple behavioral risk factors for non-communicable diseases among the adolescent population in Brazil: the analysis derived from the Brazilian national survey of school health 2019.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
- Premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases in Brazilian capitals: redistribution of garbage causes and evolution by social deprivation strata.Revista brasileira de epidemiologia = Brazilian journal of epidemiology · 2023Article
- Socio-economic inequalities in the consumption of fruits and vegetables in Peru between 2014 and 2019.Public health nutrition · 2022Article
- Decomposing socioeconomic inequality in blood pressure and blood glucose testing: evidence from four districts in Kerala, India.International journal for equity in health · 2022Article
- Current status of premature mortality from four non-communicable diseases and progress towards the Sustainable Development Goal target 3.4: a population-based study in northeast China, 2004-2017.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Relationship of socio-economic inequality and overweight with non-communicable diseases risk factors: A study on underprivileged population.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2020Article
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4 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe debate on socioeconomic inequalities in health dominates the research and policy agenda of many countries. The prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is on the rise in recent years in Botswana. As a prevention and policy effort, the study provided an empirical evidence on socioeconomic inequalities in NCD risk factors in Botswana.
methodsData used in this study was derived from a cross sectional survey on chronic non communicable diseases in Botswana conducted in 2016. The survey adopted a multistage sampling design and a sample of 1178 participants (males and females) aged 15 years and above was selected in both urban and rural areas of Botswana. The inequality analysis was conducted employing decomposition analysis using ADePT software version 6. Logistic regression models were used to show the association between NCD risk factors and socioeconomic status using SPSS version 25.
resultsConcentration indices showed that poor physical activity (CI = 0.0546), alcohol consumption (CI = 0.1859) and overweight/obesity (CI = 0.038) were more concentrated among the non-poor while daily smoking (CI = - 0.0308) and poor fruit/vegetable consumption (CI = - 0.1909) were more concentrated among the poor. Wealth status was observed to be the leading contributor to socioeconomic inequality for daily smoking, poor fruit/vegetable consumption, overweight/obesity and poor physical activity. Education was the leading contributor to socioeconomic inequality for alcohol consumption.
conclusionsFindings in this study indicate the need for concerted differential efforts to address the needs of the poor and non-poor in order to reduce NCD risk factor inequalities.
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