ArticleAnnals of epidemiology2019
Perceived racism in relation to telomere length among African American women in the Black Women's Health Study.
Article in Annals of epidemiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Racial/Ethnic Discrimination and Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Systematic Review.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the Everyday Discrimination Scale and biomarker outcomes.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Racism and Older Black Americans' Health: a Systematic Review.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Perceived Discrimination and Immunological Aging: A Systematic Review of Cellular and Molecular Markers.Biopsychosocial science and medicinePooled it
- Perceived Experiences of racism in Relation to Genome-Wide DNA Methylation and Epigenetic Aging in the Black Women's Health Study.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Neighborhood Disadvantage, Individual Experiences of Racism, and Breast Cancer Survival.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Exposure to structural racism-related state laws is associated with worse cardiovascular health among US adults, BRFSS 2011 and 2013.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Veteran Reports of Anxiety and Depression Before, During, and After COVID-19: Associations With Race/Ethnicity, Gender, and Traumatic Exposures.Depression and anxiety · 2025Article
- Exploring Racial Discrimination, Disability Discrimination, and Perception of the Future Among Black-Identifying Emerging Adults with and without Autism in the United States: A Mixed-Methods Descriptive Study.Journal of child & adolescent trauma · 2024Article
- The Influence of Racism in Healthcare: COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Black Mothers in Chicago.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Article
- Inequities in the Impacts of Hurricanes and Other Extreme Weather Events for Cancer Survivors.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2024Review
- Biological Basis of Breast Cancer-Related Disparities in Precision Oncology Era.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Perceived Interpersonal Racism and Incident Stroke Among US Black Women.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Institutional Racism and Health: a Framework for Conceptualization, Measurement, and Analysis.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2023Review
- Health Effects of Policing in Hospitals: a Narrative Review.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2023Review
- By what molecular mechanisms do social determinants impact cardiometabolic risk?Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2023Review
- Depression, religiosity, and telomere length in the Study on Stress, Spirituality, and Health (SSSH).International journal of mental health and addiction · 2022Article
- Trauma and US Minority Children and Youth.Current psychiatry reports · 2022Review
- Article
- Maternal Childhood Adversity as a Risk for Perinatal Complications and NICU Hospitalization.Journal of pediatric psychology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTelomere length is considered a biomarker of human aging and premature morbidity and mortality which has been associated with chronic stress.
methodsWe assessed the relation between perceived racism and telomere length in the Black Women's Health Study, a follow-up study of U.S. black women begun in 1995. Participants were asked about frequency of "everyday racism" (e.g., "people act as if they think you are not intelligent") and "institutional racism" (e.g., "ever treated unfairly due to race by police"). Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay, relative telomere lengths (RTL) were measured as the copy number ratio of telomere repeat to a single control gene in 997 participants. Associations of racism variables with log-RTL were estimated by multivariable linear regression, with adjustment for age at blood draw and potential confounders.
resultsParticipants were aged 40-70 years (mean = 55.6 years), and mean telomere length was 0.77 (range 0.21-1.38). In stratified analyses, there was an inverse association between everyday racism and log-RTL among women who did not discuss their experiences of racism with others (β = -0.1104; 95% CI = -0.2140 to -0.0067; P = .045).
conclusionsEveryday racism was associated with shorter telomere length among women who reported not discussing those experiences with others.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.