ReviewGlia2020
The role of microglia in ischemic preconditioning.
Review in Glia, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuroimmune Mechanisms and Emerging Intervention Strategies for Post-Stroke Fatigue: A Narrative Review.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Review
- Toll-Like Receptors in Diabetes: Immunometabolic Mechanisms and Emerging Precision Therapeutic Strategies.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Transcriptomics, single-cell sequencing and spatial sequencing-based studies of cerebral ischemia.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
- M2 microglia-derived small extracellular vesicles modulate NSC fate after ischemic stroke via miR-25-3p/miR-93-5p-TGFBR/PTEN/FOXO3 axis.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Review
- Remote Preconditioning Provides Protection Against Retinal Cell Death From Retinal Detachment.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Role of microglia after subarachnoid hemorrhage.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2024Review
- Role of myeloid cells in ischemic retinopathies: recent advances and unanswered questions.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Review
- Impact of inflammatory preconditioning on murine microglial proteome response induced by focal ischemic brain injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Protective effects of limb remote ischemic per-conditioning on the heart injury induced by renal ischemic-reperfusion through the interaction of the apelin with the RAS/iNOS pathway.BioImpacts : BI · 2024Article
- cPKCγ-Modulated Autophagy Contributes to Ischemic Preconditioning-Induced Neuroprotection in Mice with Ischemic Stroke via mTOR-ULK1 Pathway.Translational stroke research · 2023Article
- Recurrent Transient Ischemic Attack Induces Neural Cytoskeleton Modification and Gliosis in an Experimental Model.Translational stroke research · 2023Article
- Microglia dynamic response and phenotype heterogeneity in neural regeneration following hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Ischemic Tolerance Induced by Glial Cells.Neurochemical research · 2022Review
- P2X7 Receptors in Astrocytes: A Switch for Ischemic Tolerance.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Monophosphoryl Lipid A Tolerance Against Chronic Stress-Induced Depression-Like Behaviors in Mice.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Article
- Neuron-Microglia Contacts Govern the PGEBiomedicines · 2022Article
- Regulatory T cells in ischemic stroke.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2022Review
- Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and neuroplasticity after stroke.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is an experimental phenomenon in which a brief ischemic stimulus confers protection against a subsequent prolonged ischemic event. Initially thought to be due to mechanistic changes in neurons, our understanding of IPC has evolved to encompass a global reprogramming of the Central Nervous System (CNS) after transient ischemia/reperfusion that requires innate immune signaling pathways including Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and Type I interferons. Microglia are the CNS resident neuroimmune cells that express these key innate immune receptors. Studies suggest that microglia are required for IPC-mediated neuronal and axonal protection. Multiple paradigms targeting TLRs have converged on a distinctive Type I interferon response in microglia that is critical for preconditioning-mediated protection against ischemia. These pathways can be targeted through administration of TLR agonists, cytokines including interferon-β, and pharmaceutical agents that induce preconditioning through cross-tolerance mechanisms. Transcriptomic analyses and single cell RNA studies point to specific gene expression signatures in microglia that functionally shift these mutable cells to an immunomodulatory or protective phenotype. Although there are technological challenges and gaps in knowledge to overcome, the targeting of specific molecular signaling pathways in microglia is a promising direction for development of novel and effective pharmacotherapies for stroke. Studies on preconditioning in animal models, including nonhuman primates, show promise as prophylactic preconditioning treatments for selected at risk patient populations. In addition, our growing understanding of the mechanisms of IPC-mediated protection is identifying novel cellular and molecular targets for therapeutic interventions that could apply broadly to both acute stroke and chronic vascular cognitive impairment patients.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.