ArticleHeliyon2019
Snapshot of antimicrobial stewardship programs in the hospitals of Pakistan: findings and implications.
Article in Heliyon, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trends in Antimicrobial Consumption in Pakistan (2016-2028): Retrospective Observational Study With Forecasting.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2026Observational
- Adapting global guidelines to local contexts: optimising community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) specific prescribing in Pakistan to counter antimicrobial resistance.BMJ open respiratory research · 2025Article
- Progress on the Global Research Agenda for Antimicrobial Resistance in Human Health in Pakistan: Findings and Implications.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Review
- Paediatricians' knowledge, perceptions, preparedness and involvement towards paediatric antimicrobial stewardship in Pakistan: findings and the implications.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2024Article
- Barriers, facilitators, perceptions and impact of interventions in implementing antimicrobial stewardship programs in hospitals of low-middle and middle countries: a scoping review.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2024Article
- Antimicrobial Use Among Hospitalized Neonates and Children; Findings and Implications from a Comprehensive Point Prevalence Survey Among General Tertiary Hospitals in Pakistan.Infection and drug resistance · 2024Article
- Using Culture Sensitivity Reports to Optimize Antimicrobial Therapy: Findings and Implications of Antimicrobial Stewardship Activity in a Hospital in Pakistan.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Observational
- Antibiotic Susceptibility Surveillance in the Punjab Province of Pakistan: Findings and Implications.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Observational
- Point Prevalence Survey of Antimicrobial Use in Selected Tertiary Care Hospitals of Pakistan Using WHO Methodology: Results and Inferences.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Antibiotic Utilization Patterns for Different Wound Types among Surgical Patients: Findings and Implications.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Understanding of Final Year Medical, Pharmacy and Nursing Students in Pakistan towards Antibiotic Use, Antimicrobial Resistance and Stewardship: Findings and Implications.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Impact of Positive Culture Reports ofInfection and drug resistance · 2023Article
- Editorial: Antimicrobial use and stewardship in pediatrics.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
- Point Prevalence Survey of Antimicrobial Use during the COVID-19 Pandemic among Different Hospitals in Pakistan: Findings and Implications.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Gaps in antimicrobial stewardship programmes in Asia: a survey of 10 countries.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2022Article
- WHO Point Prevalence Survey to Describe the Use of Antimicrobials at a Tertiary Care Center in Pakistan: A Situation Analysis for Establishing an Antimicrobial Stewardship Program.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Exploring Knowledge of Antibiotic Use, Resistance, and Stewardship Programs among Pharmacy Technicians Serving in Ambulatory Care Settings in Pakistan and the Implications.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Nurses' Perceptions, Involvement, Confidence and Perceived Barriers Towards Antimicrobial Stewardship Program in Pakistan: Findings from a Multi-Center, Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2022Article
- Antibiotic stewardship program in Pakistan: a multicenter qualitative study exploring medical doctors' knowledge, perception and practices.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice on Antibiotics and Its Resistance: A Two-Phase Mixed-Methods Online Study among Pakistani Community Pharmacists to Promote Rational Antibiotic Use.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveWe are unaware of the extent of antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) among hospitals in Pakistan, which is a concern given the population size, high use of antibiotics across sectors and increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) rates. Consequently, we sought to address this by undertaking a comprehensive survey.
methodIn this cross-sectional observational study in Punjab, an instrument of the measure was developed based on health care facility characteristics and ASPs after an extensive literature review
resultsOut of 254, a total of 137 hospitals fully completed the questionnaire - 11 primary, 65 secondary, 46 tertiary and 15 specialized hospitals. The use of antimicrobial prescribing guidelines (68.7%), provision of infectious diseases consultation services (66.4%), clinical pharmacy service (65.7%), use of drug and therapeutics committees to approve antimicrobial prescribing (65.5%), regular audit by doctors on antimicrobial prescribing (54.1%) and use of a restricted formulary for antimicrobial (50.4%) were the most common ASPs. However, most of these activities were only somewhat or moderately successful. Whereas, electronic antimicrobial prescribing approval systems (15.3%), using a sticker to notify prescribers regarding the need to obtain approval for the antimicrobial prescribed (16.1%) and participation in the national antimicrobial utilization surveillance program (19.7%) were only seen in a few hospitals.
conclusionStudy inferred that there are inadequate ASPs in the hospitals of Pakistan. A multidisciplinary approach, clinical leadership and availability of motivated and trained individuals are essential elements for the success of future ASPs.
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