Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31384139›Full record

ArticleJournal of central nervous system disease2019

Combining Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation and Virtual Reality for Improving Sensorimotor Function in Stroke Survivors: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Vitor Antônio Dos Santos Junior, Matheus de Sales Santos, Nildo Manoel da Silva Ribeiro, Igor Lima Maldonado

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of central nervous system disease, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04816422 (Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation), which is not on this map. Cited by 17 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04816422 nacompletednot on this map

Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) Techniques to Improve Bed Mobility, Transfer and Early Trunk Control in Stroke Patients

TypeinterventionalSponsorRiphah International UniversityRan2019 to 2020Enrolled50ConditionsStrokeArmsProprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation, Conventional treatment
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Virtual reality for stroke rehabilitation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025
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  6. Comparison of immersive and non-immersive virtual reality for upper extremity functional recovery in patients with stroke: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.

Vitor Antônio Dos Santos JuniorDivisão de Neurologia e Epidemiologia, Complexo Hospitalar Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9132-7476
Matheus de Sales SantosDivisão de Neurologia e Epidemiologia, Complexo Hospitalar Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
Nildo Manoel da Silva RibeiroDivisão de Neurologia e Epidemiologia, Complexo Hospitalar Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
Igor Lima MaldonadoDivisão de Neurologia e Epidemiologia, Complexo Hospitalar Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6037-0407
Universidade Federal da Bahia · BR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimTo assess a program combining virtual reality (VR) games and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) and to compare it with the standalone techniques in stroke survivors.

methodsA randomized controlled clinical trial. A total of 48 participants were recruited in the outpatient clinic of a University Hospital in Salvador, Brazil. They were randomly assigned to 3 groups (n = 16 each): PNF, VR, and PNF/VR. Participants attended twice-weekly 50-minute sessions over a 2-month period. The PNF/VR group performed both PNF and VR exercises employing Nintendo Wii electronic games. Motor performance was assessed before and immediately after the treatment using the Fugl-Meyer Assessment scale.

resultsAn improvement in the mean scores was observed after treatment independent of the allocation group with significant intragroup changes: 14.5, 10.5, and 10.4 for PNF, VR, and PNF/VR, respectively. Score changes were also observed in the analyses of specific sections as follows: (1) a significant improvement in the passive movement and pain score was observed in the PNF and PNF/VR groups; (2) the same was observed for the motor function of the upper limb in all groups, for the motor function of the lower limb in the VR group and for balance in the PNF and PNF/VR groups.

conclusionsThe use of a program combining virtual rehabilitation and PNF presented results that were comparable with those obtained with the isolated techniques.

Indexed as

hemiplegiaphysical therapyrehabilitationrehabilitation researchstrokestroke rehabilitationvirtual rehabilitation

Identifiers

PMID31384139
PMCPMC6659177
OpenAlexW2963714571

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.