SynthesisNutrients2019
The Associations of Fruit and Vegetable Intake with Lung Cancer Risk in Participants with Different Smoking Status: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.
Synthesis in Nutrients, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- The association between dietary fiber intake and risk of lung cancer: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.Nutrition journal · 2026Pooled it
- Dietary glycemic index, glycemic load and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.European journal of nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- Dietary risk factors for lung cancer: an umbrella review of systematic review and meta-analysis.Translational cancer research · 2026Review
- Dietary Stilbenes May Mitigate Risk of Lung Cancer: Evidence from Two Prospective Cohort Studies in the UK and Japan.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Analysis and prediction of the burden of lung cancer attributable to diet low in fruits in China and the global from 1990 to 2021.PloS one · 2026Article
- A New Era, New Risks: The Cardio-Oncology Perspective on Immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Cancers · 2025Review
- Curcumin and Resveratrol as Dual Modulators of the STAT3 Pathway in Lung Cancer: A Comprehensive Review.Food science & nutrition · 2025Review
- Association of Veggie Meter-Assessed Skin Carotenoids and Dietary Intake Among Indigenous Families: The Indigenous Supported Agriculture "Go Healthy" Study.Current developments in nutrition · 2025Article
- Disease burden of lung cancer attributable to metabolic and behavioral risks in China and globally from 1990 to 2021.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Construction of an imaging diagnostic model based on computed tomograph signs for peripheral small cell lung cancer.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Effect of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption on Human Health: An Update of the Literature.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Trends and projection of burden on lung cancer and risk factors in China from 1990 to 2060.Thoracic cancer · 2024Article
- Exploring the contribution of lifestyle to the impact of education on the risk of cancer through Mendelian randomization analysis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Adherence to lifelines diet is associated with lower lung cancer risk in 98,459 participants aged 55 years and above: a large prospective cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Diet quality and lung cancer incidence in a low-income population in the United States.British journal of cancer · 2023Article
- Prospective Study of Avocado Consumption and Cancer Risk in U.S. Men and Women.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2023Article
- Dietary Phytochemicals as Potential Chemopreventive Agents against Tobacco-Induced Lung Carcinogenesis.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Etiology of lung cancer: Evidence from epidemiologic studies.Journal of the National Cancer Center · 2022Review
- Article
- Burden of Lung Cancer Attributable to Occupational Carcinogens from 1990 to 2019 and Projections until 2044 in China.Cancers · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The results of epidemiological studies on the relationship between fruit and vegetable intake and lung cancer risk were inconsistent among participants with different smoking status. The purpose of this study was to investigate these relationships in participants with different smoking status with prospective cohort studies. A systematic literature retrieval was conducted using PubMed and Scopus databases up to June 2019. The summary relative risks (RRs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by random-effects model. The nonlinear dose-response analysis was carried out with restricted cubic spline regression model. Publication bias was estimated using Begg's test. Nine independent prospective studies were included for data synthesis. Dietary consumption of fruit was negatively correlated with lung cancer risk among current smokers and former smokers, and the summery RRs were 0.86 (95% CI: 0.78, 0.94) and 0.91 (95% CI: 0.84, 0.99), respectively. Consumption of vegetable was significantly associated with reduced risk of lung cancer for current smokers (summary RR = 87%; 95% CI: 0.78, 0.94), but not for former smokers and never for smokers. Dose-response analysis suggested that risk of lung cancer was reduced by 5% (95% CI: 0.93, 0.97) in current smokers, and reduced by 4% (95% CI: 0.93, 0.98) in former smokers with an increase of 100 grams of fruit intake per day, respectively. Besides, dose-response analysis indicated a 3% reduction in lung cancer risk in current smokers for 100 gram per day increase of vegetable intake (95% CI: 0.96, 1.00). The findings of this study provide strong evidence that higher fruit consumption is negatively associated with the risk of lung cancer among current smokers and former smokers, while vegetable intake is significantly correlated with reducing the risk of lung cancer in current smokers. These findings might have considerable public health significance for the prevention of lung cancer through dietary interventions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.