Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31382170›Full record

ArticlePsychoneuroendocrinology2019

Cortisol, moderated by age, is associated with antidepressant treatment outcome and memory improvement in Major Depressive Disorder: A retrospective analysis.

Felipe A Jain, Colm G Connolly, Victor I Reus, Dieter J Meyerhoff, Tony T Yang, Synthia H Mellon, Scott Mackin, Christina M Hough, Alexandra Morford, Owen M Wolkowitz

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 29% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Felipe A JainWeill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, 401 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. Electronic address: felipe.jain@post.harvard.edu.
Colm G ConnollyWeill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, 401 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. Electronic address: colmconn@gmail.com.
Victor I ReusWeill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, 401 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. Electronic address: victor.reus@ucsf.edu.
Dieter J MeyerhoffDepartment of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA; Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, VA Medical Center, 4150 Clement St., San Francisco, CA 94121, USA. Electronic address: dieter.meyerhoff@ucsf.edu.
Tony T YangWeill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, 401 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. Electronic address: tony.yang@ucsf.edu4.
Synthia H MellonDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. Electronic address: sindy.mellon@ucsf.edu.
Scott MackinWeill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, 401 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. Electronic address: scott.mackin@ucsf.edu.
Christina M HoughWeill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, 401 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. Electronic address: cmhough@ucla.edu.
Alexandra MorfordWeill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, 401 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. Electronic address: amorf19@gmail.com.
Owen M WolkowitzWeill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, 401 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. Electronic address: owen.wolkowitz@ucsf.edu.
University of California, San Francisco · USSan Francisco VA Medical Center · US

Funding

UCSF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE INSTITUTEUL1RR024131 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI JOHNSTON, S. CLAIBORNE · 2006 to 2011
$111.2M
Testosterone-GnRH Frequency and the Evolution of PCOS in AdolescenceP50HD028934 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI HAISENLEDER, DANIEL J. · 2014 to 2018
$8.6M
Cell Aging in Major DepressionR01MH083784 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI EPEL, ELISSA S., MELLON, SYNTHIA H · 2010 to 2020
$6.7M
A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Functional MRI Study of Adolescent DepressionR01MH085734 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI YANG, TONY TUNG-I · 2010 to 2014
$2.7M
Neural mechanisms of meditation training in healthy and depressed adolescents: An MRI connectome studyR61AT009864 · NCCIH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI TYMOFIYEVA, OLGA, YANG, TONY TUNG-I · 2019 to 2020
$822k
A Network Approach to Study Brain Plasticity in Children with Cognitive TrainingR21AT009173 · NCCIH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI TYMOFIYEVA, OLGA · 2016 to 2017
$436k
Mindfulness and guided imagery for depressed family caregivers of patients with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias: clinical outcomes and neural mechanismsR21AG051970 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI JAIN, FELIPE A. · 2016 to 2017
$435k
NCCIH NIH HHS R21 AT009173NCCIH NIH HHS R61 AT009864NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR024131NIA NIH HHS R21 AG051970NICHD NIH HHS P50 HD028934NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH083784NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH085734
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundStudies testing the relationship between cortisol levels, depression, and antidepressant treatment response have yielded divergent results suggesting the possibility of moderators of a cortisol effect. Several studies indicate that age may moderate the relationship between cortisol and depression. In patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), we studied the interactive effects of age and cortisol in association with MDD diagnostic status and mood and memory response to antidepressant treatment.

methodsSerum cortisol levels in 66 unmedicated patients with MDD and 75 matched healthy controls (HC) were measured at baseline and retrospectively analyzed. Logistic regression was used to determine an association of age, cortisol and their interaction with MDD diagnosis in the pooled sample of MDD and HC participants. Thirty-four of the MDD participants (age range: 19-65 years; median: 36) underwent treatment with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRl) for 8 weeks. Clinician and self-ratings of depression symptoms, as well as tests of verbal and visual delayed recall were obtained at baseline and post treatment. Moderation analyses determined the effect of age on the relationship between baseline cortisol and treatment outcome.

resultsCortisol, moderated by age, was associated with MDD diagnosis (p < .05), treatment-associated reduction of depression symptoms (p < .001) and improvement of delayed recall (p < .001). Modeling the Cortisol × Age interaction suggested that for participants below the median age of our sample, lower cortisol levels were associated with a lower rate of MDD diagnosis and higher antidepressant effects. On the contrary, in those above the median sample age, lower cortisol was associated with a higher rate of MDD and less improvement in depression symptoms and memory performance.

conclusionsOur results add to the body of literature suggesting that age might be an important factor in moderating the relationship between peripheral cortisol levels, depression, cognition, and prognosis. These results indicate that previous disparities in the literature linking peripheral cortisol levels with depression characteristics and treatment response may critically relate, at least in part, to the age of the participants studied.

Indexed as

Treatment OutcomeAdultAge FactorsAntidepressive AgentsCase-Control StudiesCognitionDepressionFemaleHumansHydrocortisoneHypothalamo-Hypophyseal SystemMajor Depressive DisorderMaleMemoryMiddle AgedPituitary-Adrenal SystemAntidepressive AgentsHydrocortisoneSelective Serotonin Reuptake InhibitorsAgingAntidepressantsCortisolHPA axisMajor Depressive DisorderMemory

Identifiers

PMID31382170
PMCPMC6842706
OpenAlexW2966002982

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.