ArticleJournal of environmental and public health2019
Rainwater as a Source of Drinking Water: Health Impacts and Rainwater Treatment.
Article in Journal of environmental and public health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Trends of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) Research in Indonesia: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- "I Never Don't Have Water Because I Collect Rainwater": Domains of Water Insecurity and Their Sociocultural Correlates in an Indigenous Community of Northern Argentina.Current developments in nutrition · 2025Article
- Seroprevalence, distribution, and risk factors for human leptospirosis in the United States Virgin Islands.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Outside the Safe Operating Space of a New Planetary Boundary for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS).Environmental science & technology · 2022Review
- Hydrochemical and radiometric evaluation of fresh and thermal waters from Araxá city (Minas Gerais, Brazil).Environmental geochemistry and health · 2022Article
- A novel approach to baseline water quality assessment at local and catchment scale: a case study from Berambadi, India.Environmental monitoring and assessment · 2021Article
- The thermodynamic stability, potential toxicity, and speciation of metals and metalloids in Tehran runoff, Iran.Environmental geochemistry and health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Rainwater is the main source of drinking water in tropical communities, especially in West Kalimantan. Air contamination causes rainwater to become acidic and cloudy and adds heavy metals such as Pb into rainwater. In addition to pollution, the way in which the rainwater is collected such as through zinc roofing also exposes the rainwater to heavy metals. The presence of Pb in rainwater will have an impact on the health of the community in the long run. The model of simple water treatment using filtration is needed to overcome this problem with the use of media available in the region. The media used are in the form of mollusk sand and activated carbon. In the end, the mollusk sand filtration model and activated carbon sorption were effectively used to filter polluted rainwater to be safe for consumption.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.