ReviewFrontiers in immunology2019
Could GILZ Be the Answer to Glucocorticoid Toxicity in Lupus?
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development of a macrophage polarization-modulating therapeutic agent for osteoarthritis treatment.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Review
- Exosome-Mediated Lectin Pathway and Resistin-MIF-AA Metabolism Axis Drive Immune Dysfunction in Immune Thrombocytopenia.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- The mechanism of Langchuangding in treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus via modulating TLR7-IRF7-IFNα pathway.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Toxicity evaluation of synthetic glucocorticoids against breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 and human embryonic kidney HEK293.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2023Article
- Successful Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus-Associated Thrombocytopenia with Eltrombopag: A Report of Two Cases and Literature Review.Mediterranean journal of rheumatology · 2022Article
- Differential distribution of steroid hormone signaling networks in the human choroid-retinal pigment epithelial complex.BMC ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Methylprednisolone stimulated gene expression (GILZ, MCL-1) and basal cortisol levels in multiple sclerosis patients in relapse are associated with clinical response.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Article
- Gender May Influence the Immunosuppressive Actions of Prednisone in Young Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Anorexia nervosa and juvenile lupus erythematosus in a 16-year-old female patient - common disease origin or random coincidence?Central-European journal of immunology · 2021Article
- Therapeutic Manipulation of Macrophages Using Nanotechnological Approaches for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Glucocorticoid-Induced Leucine Zipper: A Promising Marker for Monitoring and Treating Sepsis.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GC) are used globally to treat autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. Their anti-inflammatory actions are mainly mediated via binding to the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), creating a GC/GR complex, which acts in both the cytoplasm and nucleus to regulate the transcription of a host of target genes. As a result, signaling pathways such as NF-κB and AP-1 are inhibited, and cell activation, differentiation and survival and cytokine and chemokine production are suppressed. However, the gene regulation by GC can also cause severe side effects in patients. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE or lupus) is a multisystem autoimmune disease, characterized by a poorly regulated immune response leading to chronic inflammation and dysfunction of multiple organs, for which GC is the major current therapy. Long-term GC use, however, can cause debilitating adverse consequences for patients including diabetes, cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis and contributes to irreversible organ damage. To date, there is no alternative treatment which can replicate the rapid effects of GC across multiple immune cell functions, effecting disease control during disease flares. Research efforts have focused on finding alternatives to GC, which display similar immunoregulatory actions, without the devastating adverse metabolic effects. One potential candidate is the glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ). GILZ is induced by low concentrations of GC and is shown to mimic the action of GC in several inflammatory processes, reducing immunity and inflammation in
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.