ReviewFrontiers in immunology2019
Cytotoxic Chemotherapy as an Immune Stimulus: A Molecular Perspective on Turning Up the Immunological Heat on Cancer.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 101 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
101 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 150 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors for advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.BMC cancer · 2024Pooled it
- PD-L1 expression as a potential predictor of immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy and survival in patients with recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective trials.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Pooled it
- OPTIM: a randomized phase II trial of nivolumab followed by nivolumab-ipilimumab or docetaxel at progression in recurrent/metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (OPTIM; AIO-KHT-0117).British journal of cancer · 2026Trial
- Nanoparticle Albumin-Bound Paclitaxel and Nivolumab for PD-1 Inhibitor-Refractory Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous-Cell Carcinoma.Cancer medicine · 2026Trial
- The immune microenvironment and relation to outcome in patients with advanced breast cancer treated with docetaxel with or without gemcitabine.Oncoimmunology · 2021Trial
- Enhanced efficacy of gastric cancer treatment by a combination of NK cells and chemotherapy.iScience · 2026Article
- Review
- Enhancing Cancer Therapy with Hyperthermia: Synergistic Effects with Natural Compounds and Conventional Treatments.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Immune-Centered Cross-Talk Between Cancer Cells and the Tumor Microenvironment-Implications for Therapy.Cancers · 2026Review
- Inhibition of SRC prevents bone metastasis of breast cancer by blocking metastatic cell motility and bone directionality.Theranostics · 2026Article
- Developing a therapeutic elastase that stimulates anti-tumor immunity by selectively killing cancer cells.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
- Coordinated protein modules define DNA damage responses to carboplatin at single-cell resolution in human ovarian carcinoma models.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
- Association Between Immune-Related Adverse Events and Treatment Outcomes in Advanced Gastric Cancer Patients Receiving Nivolumab Plus Chemotherapy: A Retrospective Study.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- Novel therapeutic strategies for non-small cell lung cancer: Combination therapies with immune checkpoint inhibitors (Review).Oncology letters · 2025Review
- Tumor microenvironments with an active type I IFN response are sensitive to inhibitors of heme degradation.JCI insight · 2025Article
- An oral heme oxygenase inhibitor targets immunosuppressive perivascular macrophages in preclinical models of cancer.Science translational medicine · 2025Article
- B cells and tertiary lymphoid structures in cancer therapy response.BJC reports · 2025Review
- Autologous Peripheral Vγ9Vδ2 T Cell Synergizes with αβ T Cell Through Antigen Presentation and BTN3A1 Blockade in Immunotherapy of Cervical Cancer.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- The Current Status of T Cell Receptor (TCR) Repertoire Analysis in Colorectal Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Encouraging co-targeting of immunoregulatory molecules in cancer treatment.Immunotherapy · 2025Article
41 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cytotoxic chemotherapeutics (CCTs) are widely used in the treatment of cancer. Although their mechanisms of action have been best understood in terms of targeting the apparatus of mitosis, an ability to stimulate anti-tumor immune responses is increasing the recognition of these agents as immunotherapies. Immune checkpoint blockade antibodies neutralize important, but specific, immune-regulatory interactions such as PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 to improve the anti-tumor immune response. However, CCTs can provide a broad-acting immune-stimulus against cancer, promoting both T-cell priming and recruitment to the tumor, which compliments the effects of immune checkpoint blockade. A key pathway in this process is "immunogenic cell death" (ICD) which occurs as a result of tumor cell endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis elicited by CCTs. ICD involves a series of non-redundant signaling events which break tolerance and license anti-tumor antigen-specific T-cells, allowing CCTs to act as "
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.