ArticleFrontiers in immunology2019
Prolonged Impairment of Immunological Memory After Anti-CD20 Treatment in Pediatric Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rituximab-induced hypogammaglobulinemia in childhood nephrotic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Pooled it
- Hypogammaglobulinemia and infections in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with anti-CD20 treatments: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 19,139 multiple sclerosis patients.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Vaccine response following anti-CD20 therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 905 patients.Blood advances · 2021Pooled it
- CyTOF-Enabled Analysis Identifies Class-Switched B Cells as the Main Lymphocyte Subset Associated With Disease Relapse in Children With Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- Hypogammaglobulinemia and B cell repopulation after rituximab in childhood nephrotic syndrome.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Infection prophylaxis following anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies in childhood kidney diseases.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- Efficacy and Safety of Rituximab Therapy to Sustain Remission in Young Children With Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- The safety of rituximab in pediatric nephrotic syndrome patients: a pharmacovigilance study of the FAERS database.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Childhood idiopathic nephrotic syndrome: recent advancements shaping future guidelines.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Review
- Persistent hypogammaglobulinemia after rituximab therapy in pediatric patients, prevalence and clinical outcomes.Clinical immunology communications · 2025Article
- Prolonged impairment of immunological memory after anti-CD20 treatment in pediatric idiopathic nephrotic syndrome: an extended follow-up.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Association of rituximab use with adverse events in adults with lymphoma or autoimmune disease: a single center experience.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Efficacy and safety of long-term repeated use of rituximab in pediatric patients with nephrotic syndrome.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Article
- Long-term outcomes with rituximab as add-on therapy in severe childhood-onset lupus nephritis.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2023Article
- Rituximab-associated hypogammaglobulinemia in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome: results of an ESPN survey.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2023Article
- The CELLO trial: Protocol of a planned phase 4 study to assess the efficacy of Ocrelizumab in patients with radiologically isolated syndrome.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2022Article
- Clinical practice guidelines for nephrotic syndrome: consensus is emerging.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2022Article
- Rituximab-Induced Hypogammaglobulinemia and Risk of Infection in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders: A 14-Year Real-Life Experience.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2022Article
- Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Repeated Rituximab to Maintain Remission in Idiopathic Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome: An International Study.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2022Article
- Hypogammaglobulinaemia following rituximab therapy in childhood nephrotic syndrome.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Anti-CD20 therapy is effective in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS). However, transient or sustained hypogammaglobulinemia predisposing to an increased risk of infectious diseases can follow treatment in some patients. We analyzed the long-term effects of anti-CD20 therapy on immunological memory in 27 frequently-relapsing/steroid-dependent INS pediatric patients after more than 4 years from the first and at least 2 years from the last anti-CD20 infusion. Twenty-one INS children, never treated with anti-CD20 and under an intense oral immunosuppression with prednisone, mycophenolate mofetil, and calcineurin inhibitors were also included as control group. Levels of circulating B-cell subpopulations, total serum immunoglobulins and IgG and memory B cells directed against hepatitis B virus (HBV) and tetanus were determined and correlated with clinical characteristics. Nine patients never relapsed after more than 2 years from the last anti-CD20 administration (5 after the first, 3 after the second, and 1 after the fifth infusion). At last follow-up, most patients showed a complete recovery and normalization of total (27/27), transitional (27/27), and mature-naïve B cells (25/27). However, a sustained and significant reduction of total memory (20/27) and switched memory (21/27) B cells was found in most patients. 11/27 patients showed hypogammaglobulinemia at last follow-up and, among these, four presented with a severe hypogammaglobulinemia (IgG < 160 mg/dl). In contrast, no patient in the control group developed a severe hypogammaglobulinemia. Age at the time of first anti-CD20 administration was positively associated with IgG levels at last follow-up (
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