ArticleFrontiers in psychology2019
A Language Index of Grammatical Gender Dimensions to Study the Impact of Grammatical Gender on the Way We Perceive Women and Men.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- The inescapable cage of a man and a woman: Experiences of non-binary people with gender identity (non-)affirmation in the context of a gendered language.International journal of transgender health · 2026Article
- BeyondJournal of language and social psychology · 2025Review
- A decade of gender bias in machine translation.Patterns (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Review
- Grammatical gender universalities underlying uniform mental representations of the world: Myth or reality?Heliyon · 2024Article
- The implementation of neo- and nonbinary pronouns: a review of current research and future challenges.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Review
- Comprehensibility of gender-fair language in German-language video lectures.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Minding the Gap: Exploring Neuroinflammatory and Microglial Sex Differences in Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- How to make a difference: the impact of gender-fair language on text comprehensibility amongst adults with and without an academic background.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Neutral is not fair enough: testing the efficiency of different language gender-fair strategies.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- The Influence of the Gender Asterisk ("Gendersternchen") on Comprehensibility and Interest.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
- The male bias of a generically-intended masculine pronoun: Evidence from eye-tracking and sentence evaluation.PloS one · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
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Abstract
Psycholinguistic investigations of the way readers and speakers perceive gender have shown several biases associated with how gender is linguistically realized in language. Although such variations across languages offer interesting grounds for legitimate cross-linguistic comparisons, pertinent characteristics of grammatical systems - especially in terms of their gender asymmetries - have to be clearly identified. In this paper, we present a language index for researchers interested in the effect of grammatical gender on the mental representations of women and men. Our index is based on five main language groups (i.e., grammatical gender languages, languages with a combination of grammatical gender and natural gender, natural gender languages, genderless languages with few traces of grammatical gender and genderless languages) and three sets of specific features (morphology, masculine-male generics and asymmetries). Our index goes beyond existing ones in that it provides specific dimensions relevant to those interested in psychological and sociological impacts of language on the way we perceive women and men. We also offer a critical discussion of any endeavor to classify languages according to grammatical gender.
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