ArticleCardiovascular drugs and therapy2019
The Associations of Diuretics and Laxatives Use with Cardiovascular Mortality. An Individual Patient-Data Meta-analysis of Two Large Cohort Studies.
Article in Cardiovascular drugs and therapy, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between constipation and risk of cardiovascular or all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis.Annals of medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Major electrolyte disorder and associated factors among patients with chronic disease in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC nephrology · 2024Pooled it
- Clinical efficacy and regulatory mechanisms of Shi Pi Zeng Ye formula in treating functional constipation comorbid with depression: integrating clinical observation, mass spectrometry, bioinformatics, and molecular docking.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Intestinal microbiome changes and mechanisms of maintenance hemodialysis patients with constipation.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Contact Laxative Use and the Risk of Arteriovenous Fistula Maturation Failure in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Multi-Center Cohort Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo investigate the associations of diuretics overall, non-potassium-sparing diuretics in specific, and laxative use with cardiovascular mortality (CVM) in subjects with antihypertensive treatment.
methodsAnalyses included 4253 participants, aged 50 to 75 years, from the German ESTHER cohort and 105,359 participants, aged 50 to 69 years, from the UK Biobank. Cox proportional hazard regression models were applied in both studies, and then results were pooled using random-effects model meta-analyses.
resultsDuring 14 and 7 years of follow-up, 476 and 1616 CVM cases were observed in the ESTHER study and the UK Biobank, respectively. Compared to non-users, a 1.6-fold (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] 1.57 [1.29; 1.90]), a 1.4-fold (1.39 [1.26; 1.53]), and no statistically significantly increased (1.13 [0.94; 1.36]) CVM were observed in users of diuretics overall, non-potassium-sparing diuretics in specific, and laxatives, respectively. Concurrent use of non-potassium-sparing diuretics and laxatives was associated with a 2-fold increased CVM (2.05 [1.55; 2.71]) when compared to users of neither diuretics nor laxatives. However, a test for interaction slightly missed statistical significance (p = 0.075).
conclusionsThese consistent results from two large cohort studies imply that more research is needed on the safety of diuretics in routine care. Although not statistically significant in this study, a drug-drug interaction of non-potassium-sparing diuretics and laxatives appears plausible. Physicians and pharmacists are advised to clarify additional laxative use in users of non-potassium-sparing diuretics and inform about the risk of concurrent use. Moreover, closer potassium monitoring intervals (e.g., every 3 months) might be indicated in concurrent users to prevent fatal cardiovascular events.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.