Trial reportOsteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA2019
Effects of milk powder intervention on bone mineral density and indicators related to bone metabolism in Chinese adolescents.
Trial report in Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effects of Dairy Product Supplementation on Bone Health Indices in Children Aged 3 to 18 Years: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Formula Milk Supplementation and Bone Acquisition in 4-6 Years Chinese Children: A 12-Month Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- Beyond bones, vitamin D as a sunshine hormone in type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications.iScience · 2026Review
- Association Between Hip Bone Mineral Density and Mortality Risk After Hip Fracture: A Prospective Cohort Study.Calcified tissue international · 2023Article
- Fortification of Staple Foods for Household Use with Vitamin D: An Overview of Systematic Reviews.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Article
- Abnormal changes of bone metabolism markers with age in children with cerebral palsy.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
- The Effects of Vitamin D Fortified Products on Bone Biomarkers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Iranian journal of public health · 2022Review
- Dairy products and bone health.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The study is to determine the effects of milk powder on bone density and metabolism in healthy adolescents. Vitamin D and calcium supplements increased IGF-1 but did not affect bone mineralization or turnover. Higher vitamin D in combination with sufficient calcium supplementation in such populations requires attention.
introductionBoth calcium and vitamin D play an important role in bone mineralization in adolescents.
methodsIn this one and a half-year randomized controlled trial, 232 participants (aged 12-15 years) were randomly assigned to three intervention groups receiving milk powder fortified with vitamin D 400 IU plus calcium 300, or 600, or 900 mg [Ca3D (n = 54), Ca6D (n = 56), and Ca9D (n = 49)], or one control group maintaining habitual diet [control (n = 73)]. Bone turnover markers, serum intact PTH, 25(OH)D, and IGF-1 levels were measured at baseline and one and a half years, and bone mineral contents and bone areal mineral density were measured by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at baseline, one year, and one and a half years.
resultsBaseline average serum 25(OH)D level and calcium intake were 29.4 nmol/L and 363.5 mg/day, respectively. There was a significant increase in bone turnover, total body, hip, lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD), and total body BMC as well as slight fluctuations in 25(OH)D levels over one and a half years without between-group differences. Significantly decreased serum PTH level was only observed in the Ca6D group (31%, p < 0.0001), in which the intervention effect was also significant (p = 0.0029) compared with the control group. IGF-1 levels increased significantly in all intervention groups (18.5 to 22.8%, p < 0.05) but decreased in the control group (16.5%, p < 0.05), and the group by time interaction was also significant (p = 0.0029).
conclusionsOur study showed that in healthy adolescents with low vitamin D status and calcium intake, mild vitamin D and mild to modest calcium supplements increased IGF-1 but did not affect bone mineralization or turnover. Higher vitamin D in combination with sufficient calcium supplementation in such populations requires attention.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.