ArticleJournal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics2019
Gender Expression and Sexual Orientation Differences in Diet Quality and Eating Habits from Adolescence to Young Adulthood.
Article in Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Human studies of mitochondrial biology demonstrate an overall lack of binary sex differences: A multivariate meta-analysis.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2022Pooled it
- Beyond the binary: disparities in food consumption and alcohol intake among Brazilian sexual minorities.BMC nutrition · 2026Article
- Reconsidering Gender in Asthma: Is It All About Sex? A Perspective Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Sex Differences Outweigh Dietary Factors in Food-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Latent classes of adolescent health behaviour, social covariates and mental wellbeing: a longitudinal birth cohort study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Article
- Social epidemiology of the Mediterranean-dietary approaches to stop hypertension intervention for neurodegenerative delay (MIND) diet among early adolescents: the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.Pediatric research · 2024Article
- Association between watching eating broadcast "Mukbang and Cookbang" and body mass index status in South Korean adolescents stratified by gender.Nutrition journal · 2024Article
- Gender differences in family meal frequency and their association with substance use and mental health among middle and high school students.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Improving Fruit and Vegetable Accessibility, Purchasing, and Consumption to Advance Nutrition Security and Health Equity in the United States.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Differences in Dietary Quality by Sexual Orientation and Sex in the United States: NHANES 2011-2016.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · 2022Article
- Dietary Intake of Adults Who Participate in CrossFitSports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Associations between negative gender attitudes and eating behaviors in Chinese children and adolescents.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Diet, Food Insecurity, and CVD Risk in Sexual and Gender Minority Adults.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2022Review
- Eating Competence and Dietary Intake of Sexual and Gender Minority College Students.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Variation in diet quality across sexual orientation in a cohort of U.S. women.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2021Article
- Gender Expression, Peer Victimization, and Disordered Weight-Control Behaviors Among U.S. High School Students.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2021Article
- Article
- Nutrition Disparities and Cardiovascular Health.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDiet and eating habits during youth have implications on diet and eating habits during adulthood, however, little longitudinal research has examined sexual orientation and gender expression differences in diet.
objectiveOur aim was to examine sexual orientation and gender expression differences in diet quality and eating habits from adolescence to young adulthood.
designData across multiple time points from the longitudinal Growing Up Today Study cohorts (1997 to 2011) were used. PARTICIPANTS/
settingParticipants (n=12,880; aged 10 to 23 years) were the children of women from the Nurses' Health Study II cohort.
main outcome measuresDiet quality scores were assessed using the Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010. In addition, breakfast consumption (≥5 days/wk) and family dinners (≥5 days/wk) were assessed. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED: Multivariable generalized estimating equation regression models were fit to estimate sexual orientation and gender expression differences in diet quality scores, breakfast consumption, and family dinners, stratified by sex assigned at birth over available repeated measures.
results"Gender-nonconforming" males had significantly higher diet quality scores than "very gender-conforming" males (P<0.05). Diet quality scores did not differ by gender expression among females. "Mostly heterosexual" females and gay males had higher diet quality scores than their same-sex completely heterosexual counterparts (P<0.05). Adjustment for mother's diet quality scores attenuated effects, except for gay males (P<0.05). "Gender-nonconforming" females were less likely to consume breakfast than "very gender-conforming" females (P<0.05). Similar results were found for "mostly heterosexual" and bisexual compared to completely heterosexual females. There were no gender expression or sexual orientation differences in family dinners among males and females.
conclusionsSexual orientation and gender expression have independent effects on diet quality scores and eating habits for both males and females. Very gender-conforming and completely heterosexual males had the lowest diet quality scores compared to other gender expression and sexual orientation groups. Additional research to explore the effects of sexual orientation and gender expression on diet-related health is needed to build upon these findings.
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