ArticleAssessment2021
The Reliability of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test in Clinical Practice.
Article in Assessment, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 54 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effects of Combined Thoracic Expansion Exercises and Slow Diaphragmatic Breathing on Cognitive Function, Brain Activation, Psychological Status, and Head-Shoulder Posture in Healthy Adults
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Impulsivity and compulsivity in binge eating disorder: A systematic review of behavioral studies.Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- A digital intervention to support childhood cognition after the COVID-19 pandemic: a pilot trial.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Enhancing Pragmatic Communication in Healthy Aging: A Preliminary Investigation of the Long-Term Effects of the Advanced Cognitive Pragmatic Treatment.Journal of psycholinguistic research · 2026Article
- Hot and Cool Executive Functions in Middle Childhood: Evidence for a Weak but Process-Specific Relationship.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Does neurodevelopmental load predict cognitive flexibility?Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2026Article
- Article
- Norma Latina Neuropsychological Evaluation in Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis and Its Relationship with Disability.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Effect of esketamine and etomidate anesthesia on neuroplasticity in electroconvulsive therapy for treatment-resistant depression.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Article
- Sleep Disturbance Phenotype Trajectories and Associated Multimorbidity in Children With New-Onset Seizures Over 36 Months.Pediatric neurology · 2025Article
- Predictors of subjective memory functioning in young adults.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Interactions between ABC gene polymorphisms and processing speed in predicting depression severity.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Sex differences in cognitive function among patients with bipolar disorder.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Performance of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test in Oncopediatric Patients in an Oncology Unit in Cali, Colombia: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- A Comparison of Rapid Rule-Learning Strategies in Humans and Monkeys.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024Article
- Executive Functions in a Patient with Low-Grade Glioma of the Central Nervous System: A Case Report.Tomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.) · 2024Article
- Tools to measure barriers to medication management capacity in older adults: a scoping review.BMC geriatrics · 2024Article
- Comparison of retrospective and prospective memory in subtypes of obsessive-compulsive disorder.European journal of translational myology · 2024Article
- Split-half reliability estimates of an online card sorting task in a community sample of young and elderly adults.Behavior research methods · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) represents the gold standard for the neuropsychological assessment of executive function. However, very little is known about its reliability. In the current study, 146 neurological inpatients received the Modified WCST (M-WCST). Four basic measures (number of correct sorts, categories, perseverative errors, set-loss errors) and their composites were evaluated for split-half reliability. The reliability estimates of the number of correct sorts, categories, and perseverative errors fell into the desirable range (
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.