ArticlePharmaceutics2019
Hydrodynamics of Intravitreal Injections into Liquid Vitreous Substitutes.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mechanical stresses on the retina induced by intravitreal injections in an artificial model of the vitreous chamber.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Impact of intravitreal aflibercept on ocular and periocular tissue elasticity: a shear wave elastography study in diabetic retinopathy.BMC medical imaging · 2025Article
- Toward a high-throughput in vitro model for estimating vitreous humor permeability of topically applied drugs.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- CARING: Cannula for Alleviation of Retinal Injury Caused by Needle Fluidic Gashing.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Magnetically Controlled Intraocular Delivery of Dexamethasone Using Silica-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles.ACS omega · 2024Article
- Thermosensitive Intravitreal In Situ Implant of Cefuroxime Based on Poloxamer 407 and Hyaluronic Acid.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Vitreous Substitutes as Drug Release Systems.Translational vision science & technology · 2022Review
- Hyaluronic Acid: Its Versatile Use in Ocular Drug Delivery with a Specific Focus on Hyaluronic Acid-Based Polyelectrolyte Complexes.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Effects of Flow Hydrodynamics and Eye Movements on Intraocular Drug Clearance.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- The EyeFlowCell: Development of a 3D-Printed Dissolution Test Setup for Intravitreal Dosage Forms.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Image analysis method for measurement and prediction of intra-matrix IgG diffusion.Biotechnology progressArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Intravitreal injections have become the cornerstone of retinal care and one of the most commonly performed procedures across all medical specialties. The impact of hydrodynamic forces of intravitreal solutions when injected into vitreous or vitreous substitutes has not been well described. While computational models do exist, they tend to underestimate the starting surface area of an injected bolus of a drug. Here, we report the dispersion profile of a dye bolus (50 µL) injected into different vitreous substitutes of varying viscosities, surface tensions, and volumetric densities. A novel 3D printed in vitro model of the vitreous cavity of the eye was designed to visualize the dispersion profile of solutions when injected into the following vitreous substitutes-balanced salt solution (BSS), sodium hyaluronate (HA), and silicone oils (SO)-using a 30G needle with a Reynolds number (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.