ArticlePreventive medicine2019
Sexual orientation inequalities during provider-patient interactions in provider encouragement of sexual and reproductive health care.
Article in Preventive medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinicians' self-reported HPV vaccination recommendations for sexual and gender minority patients.Vaccine · 2026Article
- "The Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Community Is Not Just Minoritised But Ignored": Engaging Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Communities in Australia With Blood-Borne Viruses and Sexually Transmissible Infections Healthcare.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025Article
- Health Literacy Among Sexual and Gender-Diverse Adolescents in New York City.Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education · 2025Article
- Cervical cancer screening and risk factor prevalence by sexual identity: A comparison across three national surveys in the United States.Preventive medicine · 2025Article
- Being Out: Impact of Disclosure on Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare Receipt in a Sample of Sexual Minority Women and Gender Diverse Youth.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2025Article
- Differences in medically assisted reproduction use by sexual identity and partnership: a prospective cohort of cisgender women.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- Barriers to Cervical Cancer Screening by Sexual Orientation Among Low-Income Women in North Carolina.Archives of sexual behavior · 2024Article
- Unpacking Intersectional Inequities in Flu Vaccination by Sexuality, Gender, and Race-Ethnicity in the United States.Journal of health and social behavior · 2024Article
- Family building and pregnancy experiences of cisgender sexual minority women.AJOG global reports · 2024Article
- The Opaque Language of Sexuality: Medical Students' and Providers' Beliefs About Virginity.Archives of sexual behavior · 2023Article
- Partner-Level and Sexual Networking Factors Are Associated With Vaccine-Type and Nonvaccine-Type Human Papillomavirus Infection After Vaccine Introduction in Young Women.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2022Article
- The interaction of sexual orientation and provider-patient communication on sexual and reproductive health in a sample of U.S. women of diverse sexual orientations.Patient education and counseling · 2022Article
- Sexual Health Information Sources, Needs, and Preferences of Young Adult Sexual Minority Cisgender Women and Non-Binary Individuals Assigned Female at Birth.Sexuality research & social policy : journal of NSRC : SR & SP · 2021Article
- Sexual and reproductive health information: Disparities across sexual orientation groups in two cohorts of U.S. women.Sexuality research & social policy : journal of NSRC : SR & SP · 2021Article
- Variation in diet quality across sexual orientation in a cohort of U.S. women.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2021Article
- Sexual Orientation Differences in Cervical Cancer Prevention among a Cohort of U.S. Women.Women's health issues : official publication of the Jacobs Institute of Women's HealthArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, sexually transmitted infection (STI) tests, and Papanicolaou (Pap) testing rates vary by sexual orientation, which may be due in part to healthcare providers (HCP) recommending this care unevenly. Data (N = 17,675) came from the Growing Up Today Study (GUTS) (N = 8039) and Nurses' Health Study 3 (NHS3) (N = 9636). Among participants who met clinical guidelines to receive the care in question, we estimated the probability of an HCP encouraging participants to have the HPV vaccination, STI tests, or Pap test. Regardless of sexual orientation, participants whose HCP knew their sexual orientation were more likely to have been encouraged to get care compared to those whose HCP did not know the participant's sexual orientation. Sexual minority men and women were more likely to be encouraged to obtain HPV vaccination, STI tests, and Pap test than same-gender, completely heterosexuals with no same-sex partners, with some variation by gender and the care in question. Lesbian women were the sole sexual orientation subgroup that was less likely to be encouraged to receive care (HPV vaccination and Pap test) than their same gender, completely heterosexual counterparts with no same-sex partners (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 0.90 [0.80-1.00] and 0.94 [0.91-0.98], respectively). The differences across sexual orientation in HCPs' encouragement of care indicate a possible explanation for differences in utilization across sexual orientation. Across the US, HCPs under-encourage HPV vaccination, STI tests, and Pap test for all sexual orientation groups. Lesbian patients appear to be at high risk of under-encouragement for the Pap test.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.