Trial reportAIDS (London, England)2019
Time to viral rebound and safety after antiretroviral treatment interruption in postpartum women compared with men.
Trial report in AIDS (London, England), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Time to HIV viral rebound and frequency of post-treatment control after analytical interruption of antiretroviral therapy: an individual data-based meta-analysis of 24 prospective studies.Nature communications · 2025Pooled it
- Analytical treatment interruption among women with HIV in southern Africa who received VRC01 or placebo in the Antibody Mediated Prevention Study: ATI stakeholder engagement, implementation and early clinical data.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Trial
- The HIV Reservoir and Immune Landscape Across the Life Course of Women: Implications for Cure Strategies.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- Drivers of Vertical HIV Transmission in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Targeted and Universal Lenacapavir Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2026Article
- The role of analytical treatment interruptions in shaping HIV-specific immunity and HIV cure.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- Sex differences in HIV-1 reservoir cell selection are linked to altered innate immune profiles.Science translational medicine · 2025Observational
- Human models that inform antiretroviral therapy-free remission with perinatally acquired HIV infection.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- Sustained aviremia despite anti-retroviral therapy non-adherence in male children after in utero HIV transmission.Nature medicine · 2024Article
- The impact of sex on HIV immunopathogenesis and therapeutic interventions.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2024Review
- Immune targeting of HIV-1 reservoir cells: a path to elimination strategies and cure.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2024Review
- Sex differences in HIV-1 persistence and the implications for a cure.Frontiers in global women's health · 2022Review
- Imaging and biopsy of HIV-infected individuals undergoing analytic treatment interruption.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Analytical Treatment Interruption in HIV Trials: Statistical and Study Design Considerations.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2021Review
- How elite controllers and posttreatment controllers inform our search for an HIV-1 cure.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2021Review
- A landscape analysis of HIV cure-related clinical research in 2019.Journal of virus eradication · 2020Article
- Reduced HIV-1 latent reservoir outgrowth and distinct immune correlates among women in Rakai, Uganda.JCI insight · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
OBJECTIVE(S): The short-term safety of treatment interruptions, a necessary part of cure studies, is not well established, particularly in women. We explored viral rebound kinetics and safety in a group of postpartum women discontinuing ART and compared results to men in historical interruption trials.
designProspective evaluation of time to virologic rebound.
methodsOne thousand and seventy-six asymptomatic, virally suppressed, postpartum women living with HIV enrolled in the PROMISE trial with baseline CD4 cell counts at least 350 cells/μl underwent antiretroviral treatment (ART) discontinuation. Proportion with virologic suppression at weeks 4 and 12 were compared with participants in ACTG treatment interruption trials (91% male population).
resultsIn PROMISE, using interval censored methods, the estimated median time to HIV viral rebound was 2 weeks. An estimated 6% of women would remain virally suppressed at 30 weeks. Of those who had viral rebound by 30 weeks (N = 993), less than 4% experienced grade 3 or higher laboratory events, and 1% experienced WHO stage 2 or higher clinical events. Overall, less than 1% of participants progressed from WHO Stage 1 to Stage 2 or higher after discontinuation of ART, and 3.9% experienced a decline in CD4 cell count to less than 350 cells/μl or local treatment guidelines. A significantly higher proportion of women in PROMISE (25.4%) were virologically suppressed (<400 copies/ml) at 12 weeks compared with ACTG NWCS 371 participants (6.4%).
conclusionTemporary treatment interruptions in healthy, HIV-infected women with high CD4 cell counts can be well tolerated. Potential sex differences need to be considered in cure studies examining time to virologic rebound.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.