ArticleJournal of bronchology & interventional pulmonology2020
Pleural Fluid Cytokine Levels at Baseline and Over Time are Associated With Time to IPC Removal: An Exploratory Study.
Article in Journal of bronchology & interventional pulmonology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pleural fluid biomarkers to predict response to pleurodesis or indwelling pleural catheter for malignant pleural effusion: still a long way to go.Respiratory research · 2025Article
- Inflammation of the Pleural Cavity: A Review on Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Implications in Tumor Pathophysiology.Cancers · 2022Review
- Malignant pleural effusion: Updates in diagnosis, management and current challenges.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Systemic Inflammatory Response to Different Sclerosing Agents as a Predictor of Pleurodesis Outcome.In vivo (Athens, Greece)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe behavior of pleural fluid cytokine (PFCs) levels and their association with pleurodesis after indwelling pleural catheter (IPC) placement is unknown.
objectiveA prospective exploratory study was conducted to obtain preliminary data on PFC levels after IPC placement.
methodsThe PFC panel consisted of 4 cytokines [interleukin -8 (IL-8), vascular endothelial growth factor, total (but not activated) transforming growth factor betas, and basic fibroblast growth factor], measured across 5 time points (T0: insertion; T1: 24 to 48 h; T2: 72 to 96 h; T3: 1 wk; and T4: 2 wk). Profile plots were used to identify patterns of change of PFC levels. Correlation matrices for each PFC over time were computed, and area under the curve (AUC) categories were used to compare the cumulative incidence of IPC removal. Auto pleurodesis was defined as elective catheter removal because of decreased drainage within 90 days of insertion.
resultsA total of 22 patients provided complete data. Except for IL-8, the majority of PFCs demonstrated strong positive correlations across measurement time points. Patients with high AUCs for IL-8, basic fibroblast growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor had a higher cumulative incidence of IPC removal by 90 days than did patients with low AUCs.
conclusionThis is the first study to evaluate longitudinal changes of pleural cytokine levels with respect to the likelihood of IPC removal and provide early evidence that the cytokine profile may be associated with the outcome of pleurodesis induced by IPCs. However, this is an exploratory study and further studies are needed to assess if these findings can be validated in further studies.
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Registered trials
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