ReviewMicrobiology spectrum2019
Molecular Mimicry, Autoimmunity, and Infection: The Cross-Reactive Antigens of Group A Streptococci and their Sequelae.
Review in Microbiology spectrum, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 83 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
83 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 130 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mathematical modeling in autoimmune diseases: from theory to clinical application.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Viral triggers of Guillain-Barré syndrome: implications for laboratory diagnostics.Biochemia medica · 2026Review
- Molecular basis and therapeutic potential of sortase A inhibitors as new antibiotics against MDR pathogens.Open biology · 2026Review
- Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS): Autoimmune Mechanisms, Diagnostic Controversies, and Therapeutic Implications.Journal of pediatrics, perinatology and child health · 2026Article
- Th17 effector cytokines induce shared and distinct microglial and endothelial cell responses in a mouse model for post-streptococcal encephalitis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The Slr protein of Streptococcus pyogenes is selectively expressed in vivo and is a target for protective antibodies.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Infection-Associated Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome: A Review of Immunological Mechanisms, Clinical Phenotypes, and Therapeutic Strategies.Infectious disease reports · 2026Review
- Dynamic tethering of M protein drives pathological inflammation during group A Streptococcus infections.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Molecular Mimicry Between Epstein-Barr Virus and Human Herpesvirus-6 Proteins and Central Nervous System Proteins: Implications for T and B Cell Immunogenicity in an In Silico Study.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Article
- Rational selection of antigenic targets for Group A Streptococcus vaccine: updates, challenges and opportunities.NPJ vaccines · 2026Review
- Host Proteome Remodeling During Group A Streptococcus Skin Infection.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2026Article
- Th17 effector cytokines induce shared and distinct microglial and endothelial cell responses in post-streptococcal encephalitis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Data-driven spatial-temporal framework for exploring the heterogeneity and temporality of sepsis.Chinese medical journal · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of mitral valve development and disease.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Sydenham's Chorea as the Sole Presenting Symptom of Acute Rheumatic Fever in a 14-Year-Old Boy: A Case Report.Clinical medicine insights. Case reports · 2026Article
- Humoral immune responses to hyaluronan oligosaccharides in patients undergoing prosthetic valve surgery.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Mimicry in the Bite: Shared Sequences BetweenProteomes · 2025Article
- No compelling evidence that vaccination with streptococcus pyogenes group A carbohydrate elicits cross-reactive rheumatic fever autoantibodies.NPJ vaccines · 2025Review
- OmpA virulence factor, a promising conserved vaccine candidate against Acinetobacter baumannii, could trigger autoreactive immune responses in susceptible population.BMC immunology · 2025Article
23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The group A streptococci are associated with a group of diseases affecting the heart, brain, and joints that are collectively referred to as acute rheumatic fever. The streptococcal immune-mediated sequelae, including acute rheumatic fever, are due to antibody and cellular immune responses that target antigens in the heart and brain as well as the group A streptococcal cross-reactive antigens as reviewed in this article. The pathogenesis of acute rheumatic fever, rheumatic heart disease, Sydenham chorea, and other autoimmune sequelae is related to autoantibodies that are characteristic of autoimmune diseases and result from the immune responses against group A streptococcal infection by the host. The sharing of host and streptococcal epitopes leads to molecular mimicry between the streptococcal and host antigens that are recognized by the autoantibodies during the host response. This article elaborates on the discoveries that led to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of disease and provides an overview of the history and the most current thought about the immune responses against the host and streptococcal cross-reactive antigens in group A streptococcal sequelae.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.