Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31372866›Full record

Observational studyEuropean journal of epidemiology2019

The major causes and risk factors of total and cause-specific mortality during 5.4-year follow-up: the Shanghai Changfeng Study.

Li Wu, Huandong Lin, Yu Hu, Chouwen Zhu, Hui Ma, Jian Gao, Jiong Wu, Hong Shen, Wenhai Jiang, Naiqing Zhao and 5 more

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in European journal of epidemiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Li WuDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Huandong LinDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Yu HuDepartment of Geriatrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Chouwen ZhuDepartment of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Hui MaDepartment of Geriatrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Jian GaoDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Jiong WuDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Hong ShenNetwork Information Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Wenhai JiangNetwork Information Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Naiqing ZhaoDepartment of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Yiqing YinNetwork Information Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Baishen PanDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Johannes JeekelDepartment of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Albert HofmanDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Xin GaoDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. happy20061208@126.com.

Funding

Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality 16411954800Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality 16JC1400500)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project 2017SHZDZX01
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To investigate the major causes and predictive factors of death in a middle-aged and elderly Chinese population. A total of 6591 residents aged ≥ 45 years from Shanghai Changfeng community were followed up for an average of 5.4 years. The causes of death were coded according to the 10th Revision of International Classification of Diseases. The mortality rate was calculated by person-years of follow up and age-standardized according to the 2010 Chinese census data. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards model was performed to investigate the predictors of all-cause and cause-specific mortality. During the total follow-up of 35,739 person-years, 370 deaths were documented (157 from malignant neoplasms, 70 from heart diseases, 68 from cerebrovascular diseases, 75 from other causes). The age-standardized all-cause mortality rate was 798.2 per 100,000 person-years (927.9 among men and 716.7 among women). Results from multivariable analyses showed that aging, diabetes, and osteoporosis at baseline were independent predictors of all-cause mortality, with hazard ratios (HR) of 1.11 (95% CI 1.10-1.13), 1.91 (1.51-2.42), and 1.71 (1.24-2.35), respectively. The population attributable risk percent of diabetes and osteoporosis was 19.7% and 11.7%, respectively. Cigarette smoking was associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality in men (HR and 95%CI 1.44, 1.01-2.06). In women, diabetes and osteoporosis were related to a higher risk of cardiovascular mortality (3.27, 1.82-5.88 and 1.89, 1.04-3.46, respectively). While in men, osteoporosis was related to a higher risk of malignant neoplasms mortality (2.39, 1.07-5.33). Malignant neoplasms, heart diseases, and cerebrovascular diseases are the leading causes of death. Aging, smoking, underweight, diabetes, and osteoporosis are independent predictors of premature death among middle-aged and elderly Chinese community population. Moreover, there may have been some differences in the causes and predictors of premature death between men and women.

Indexed as

Cause of DeathAgedAged, 80 and overAsian PeopleCardiovascular DiseasesChinaDiabetes MellitusFemaleHumansHypertensionMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasmsOsteoporosisPopulation SurveillanceProportional Hazards ModelsCauses of deathMiddle-aged and elderly Chinese populationRisk factors

Identifiers

PMID31372866
PMCPMC6841746

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.