ArticleBMJ open2019
Joint contribution of socioeconomic circumstances and ethnic group to variations in preterm birth, neonatal mortality and infant mortality in England and Wales: a population-based retrospective cohort study using routine data from 2006 to 2012.
Article in BMJ open, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Examining the Magnitude of Maternal Ethnic and Socioeconomic Inequalities on Foetal Growth Restriction and Preterm Birth: A Cohort Study Set in North West England.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Therapeutic effect and mechanism of different doses of aspirin on preterm delivery in pregnant mice.PloS one · 2026Article
- Disparities in Stillbirths in England: Analysis of A Population-Based Study of 1.3 Million Births.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2025Observational
- Leveraging Qualitative Insights for Dashboard Development to Address Perinatal Health Inequalities in Maternity, Neonatal and Perinatal Services.Journal of evaluation in clinical practice · 2025Article
- Ethnic group, socioeconomic position and pregnancy outcome: a mediation model through latent class.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2025Article
- Maternal social deprivation and preterm birth: The PreCARE cohort study.Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology · 2025Article
- Wider determinants of adverse birth outcomes in Birmingham and Solihull.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Midpregnancy Placental Growth Factor Screening and Early Preterm Birth.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Socioeconomic and ethnic disparities in preterm births in an English maternity setting: a population-based study of 1.3 million births.BMC medicine · 2024Article
- Contribution of ethnicity, area level deprivation and air pollution to paediatric intensive care unit admissions in the United Kingdom 2008-2021.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
- The paradoxical influence of the COVID-19 lockdown period on different types of preterm births in Alberta: a provincial study.Paediatrics & child health · 2024Article
- Disparities in Neonatal Mortalities in the United States.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- What is the Impact of Social Deprivation on Mental and Physical Health Before and After Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty?Arthroplasty today · 2023Article
- Perinatal mortality in Ireland: inequalities by socio-economic group and country of birth.European journal of public health · 2023Article
- An evolutionary perspective on social inequality and health disparities: Insights from the producer-scrounger game.Evolution, medicine, and public health · 2023Article
- The relationship between obstetrical interventions and the increase in U.S. preterm births, 2014-2019.PloS one · 2022Observational
- Respiratory Failure and Death in Vulnerable Premature Children With Lower Respiratory Tract Illness.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Advances in paediatrics in 2019: current practices and challenges in allergy, endocrinology, gastroenterology, public health, neonatology, nutrition, nephrology, neurology, respiratory diseases and rheumatic diseases.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThis study aimed to describe the variation in risks of adverse birth outcomes across ethnic groups and socioeconomic circumstances, and to explore the evidence of mediation by socioeconomic circumstances of the effect of ethnicity on birth outcomes.
settingEngland and Wales.
participantsThe data came from the 4.6 million singleton live births between 2006 and 2012. EXPOSURE: The main exposure was ethnic group. Socioeconomic circumstances, the hypothesised mediator, were measured using the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD), an area-level measure of deprivation, based on the mother's place of residence. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcomes were birth outcomes, namely: neonatal death, infant death and preterm birth. We estimated the slope and relative indices of inequality to describe differences in birth outcomes across IMD, and the proportion of the variance in birth outcomes across ethnic groups attributable to IMD. We investigated mediation by IMD on birth outcomes across ethnic groups using structural equation modelling.
resultsNeonatal mortality, infant mortality and preterm birth risks were 2.1 per 1000, 3.2 per 1000 and 5.6%, respectively. Babies in the most deprived areas had 47%-129% greater risk of adverse birth outcomes than those in the least deprived areas. Minority ethnic babies had 48%-138% greater risk of adverse birth outcomes compared with white British babies. Up to a third of the variance in birth outcomes across ethnic groups was attributable to differences in IMD, and there was strong statistical evidence of an indirect effect through IMD in the effect of ethnicity on birth outcomes.
conclusionThere is evidence that socioeconomic circumstances could be contributing to the differences in birth outcomes across ethnic groups.
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