ArticleFertility and sterility2019
Estimates of donated sperm use in the United States: National Survey of Family Growth 1995-2017.
Article in Fertility and sterility, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Parent and pediatric nurse practitioner views on integrating the digital TELL tool intervention into clinical practice.Journal of pediatric nursingTrial
- Disclosing the use of donor gametes to donor-conceived children: best practices to support the family unit.F&S reports · 2026Article
- The Approach of Fertility Physicians to Donor Sperm Treatments: A Worldwide Survey.JBRA assisted reproduction · 2025Article
- Beyond Genes: Mechanistic and Epidemiological Insights into Paternal Environmental Influence on Offspring Health.Current environmental health reports · 2025Review
- Predicting the risk of malaria importation into Jiangsu Province, China: a modeling study.Globalization and health · 2024Article
- Israeli students' perceptions regarding sperm donation: dilemmas reflections with dominant demographic effect.Reproductive health · 2024Article
- Motivational stimuli to donate sperm among non-donor students.Basic and clinical andrology · 2023Article
- Inequities in Medically Assisted Reproduction: a Scoping Review.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2023Article
- Donor sperm recipients: fertility treatments, trends, and pregnancy outcomes.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2022Article
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3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo provide national estimates of donor insemination (DI) use in the United States and a description of the population of users.
designPopulation estimates were generated from nationally representative data through weighted proportions and count estimates.
settingNot applicable. PATIENT(S): Participants were U.S. women of childbearing age (15-44 years) sampled for interview in the National Survey of Family Growth. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Respondents who reported having received artificial insemination were asked the origin of the sperm. Responses could include husband/partner, donor only, or mixed donor and husband/partner. RESULT(S): In 1995, an estimated 170,701 (95% confidence interval 106,577-234,825) women had undergone DI using donor or mixed sperm. In 2015-2017, 440,986 (95% confidence interval 108,458-773,513) women were estimated to have used it. The DI users were mostly white, urban, older, college-educated, and had high family incomes. CONCLUSION(S): The DI use changed over time, from a decrease between 1995 and 2013 to a precipitous growth in 2015 to 2017. In recent years, nearly half a million women may be dealing with personal, relationship, and familial issues born of DI use. The United States does not maintain records on the usage of donor sperm, but better tracking of the use and outcomes of treatment would provide better estimates of the size of the affected population.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.