Trial reportJournal of substance abuse treatment2019
Smokers with opioid use disorder may have worse drug use outcomes after varenicline than nicotine replacement.
Trial report in Journal of substance abuse treatment, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Addressing tobacco use in the context of opioid use disorder: A systematic review of smoking cessation interventions.The American journal on addictions · 2026Pooled it
- Nicotine receptor partial agonists for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Timing of smoking cessation treatment integrated into outpatient treatment with medications for opioid use disorder: Feasibility trial.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2022Trial
- Building epigenetic risk scores of opioid use disorder: Insights from human postmortem brain data.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- E-cigarette use among a national sample of adults receiving substance use treatment in the United States.Addictive behaviors · 2025Article
- Nicotine and opioid co-dependence: Findings from bench research to clinical trials.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2022Review
- Investigating tobacco withdrawal in response to reduced nicotine cigarettes among smokers with opioid use disorder and other vulnerabilities.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2020Article
- Nicotine and Opioids: a Call for Co-treatment as the Standard of Care.The journal of behavioral health services & research · 2020Review
- Quit ratios for cigarette smoking among individuals with opioid misuse and opioid use disorder in the United States.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2020Article
- Review
- Psycho-Social Correlates of Opioid Use Disorder among the US Adult Population: Evidence from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2018.Substance use & misuse · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionSmokers with opioid use disorder (OUD) have little success with smoking cessation, possibly due to interactions between nicotine and opioid receptor systems. Smokers with OUD versus non-opioid substance use disorders (NOUD) have not been compared for response to smoking treatment. Data to make this comparison came from our previous study of 12 weeks (plus dose run-up) of varenicline (VAR) versus 12 weeks of nicotine patch (NRT), in a double-placebo design.
methodsThe current study reports secondary analyses comparing smokers with OUD (n = 47) and NOUD (n = 90) on pretreatment smoking, alcohol and drug use, intolerance of physical discomfort, smoking medication adherence, and 3- and 6-month smoking and substance use outcomes (by VAR versus NRT).
resultsSmokers with OUD did not differ on pretreatment alcohol or smoking measures while reporting significantly more drug use days. Smokers with OUD versus NOUD had significantly fewer days adherent to VAR or placebo capsules but not to patches, and were more tolerant of physical discomfort. While smoking and heavy drinking days at follow-ups did not differ by diagnosis, smokers with OUD had significantly more drug use days in months 4-6 when assigned to VAR (16.4 days) than to NRT (8.1 days).
conclusionsNRT might be a better choice than VAR for smokers with OUD due to lower adherence and more drug use days with VAR. However, this novel comparison of smoking pharmacotherapy response in smokers with OUD versus NOUD needs to be confirmed with larger numbers of participants.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.