ArticleThe Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association2020
Word Reading in Boys With Isolated Oral Clefts: Comparison to Unaffected Average and Dyslexic Readers Using the Dual-Route Model.
Article in The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Newly Identified Developmental Delays in a Large Population of Children With Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and Palate.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2025Article
- White matter tract integrity in isolated oral clefts: relationship to cognition and reading skills.Child neuropsychology : a journal on normal and abnormal development in childhood and adolescence · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine word reading performance between boys with isolated cleft lip and/or palate (iCL/P), unaffected average reading (uAR), and unaffected impaired reading (uIR), using the dual-route model.
designCase/control study.
settingUniversity children's hospital.
participantsMales, between the ages of 8 to 11 years, with iCL/P (n = 26), uIR (n = 33), or uAR (n = 28).
methodsSingle word reading and achievement were evaluated. Analyses of variance and analyses of covariance evaluated group differences in achievement. Medical records were reviewed for iCL/P participants for audiology and speech history. Spearman ρ correlations were calculated between hearing, speech, and reading achievement for the iCL/P group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Reading performance was evaluated using select subscales from the
resultsParticipants with iCL/P had higher than expected rates of reading impairment, differing across cleft type (0% iCL, 50% isolated cleft lip and palate [iCLP], 71.4% isolated cleft palate only [iCP]). On measures of word reading accuracy, iCL/P participants outscored uIR participants, with uAR participants scoring the highest. This pattern was specific to nonlexical reading tasks. Participants in the uAR and iCL/P groups outscored uIR participants on lexical tasks, with no significant differences between uAR and iCL/P. Evaluation of speech and hearing revealed no significant relationship to single word reading or achievement measures in the iCL/P group.
conclusionsBoys with iCL/P are at a higher risk of reading impairments, particularly within the iCP subset. Regular screening should be encouraged, with skills from
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.