ArticleThe New phytologist2020
Evolution of l-DOPA 4,5-dioxygenase activity allows for recurrent specialisation to betalain pigmentation in Caryophyllales.
Article in The New phytologist, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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33 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evolution in arid environments: the role of betalains, succulence, and medullary bundles.The New phytologist · 2026Article
- Anthocyanins and betalains in evolution: Why mutual exclusion remains the best-supported model.Plant biology (Stuttgart, Germany) · 2026Review
- Nutritive Constituents' Variation in Main Parts of Dendrocalamus Brandisii and the Silage Fermentation for Bamboo-Based Ruminant Feed.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Diversity and ecological functions of anthocyanins.BMC plant biology · 2025Review
- Transcription Factors AsMYB1 and AsMYB3 Regulate Betalain Biosynthesis inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Genome duplications, genomic conflict, and rapid phenotypic evolution characterize the Cretaceous radiation of Fagales.Journal of integrative plant biology · 2025Article
- Flower color variations are determined by betalain biosynthetic genes in Portulaca umbraticola.Plant & cell physiology · 2025Article
- Molecular Control of Flower Colour Change in Angiosperms.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Multiple transitions to high l-DOPA 4,5-dioxygenase activity reveal molecular pathways to convergent betalain pigmentation in Caryophyllales.The New phytologist · 2025Article
- Differential Expression of Amaranth AtrDODA Gene Family Members in Betalain Synthesis and Functional Analysis of AtrDODA1-1 Promoter.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Homospermidine synthase evolution and the origin(s) of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in Apocynaceae.American journal of botany · 2025Article
- In planta complementation of the betalain biosynthetic pathway with a bacterial dioxygenase.PloS one · 2025Article
- Shifts in evolutionary lability underlie independent gains and losses of root-nodule symbiosis in a single clade of plants.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Multiple mechanisms explain loss of anthocyanins from betalain-pigmented Caryophyllales, including repeated wholesale loss of a key anthocyanidin synthesis enzyme.The New phytologist · 2024Article
- Identification, expression analysis of quinoa betalain biosynthesis genes and their role in seed germination and cold stress.Plant signaling & behavior · 2023Article
- Betalain biosynthesis in red pulp pitaya is regulated via HuMYB132: a R-R type MYB transcription factor.BMC plant biology · 2023Article
- Identification of WRKY gene family members in amaranth based on a transcriptome database and functional analysis ofFrontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- The evidence for anthocyanins in the betalain-pigmented genus Hylocereus is weak.BMC genomics · 2022Article
- Evaluation of Natural Pigments Production in Response to Various Stress Signals in Cell Lines ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Differential timing of gene expression and recruitment in independent origins of CAM in the Agavoideae (Asparagaceae).The New phytologist · 2022Article
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Abstract
The evolution of l-DOPA 4,5-dioxygenase activity, encoded by the gene DODA, was a key step in the origin of betalain biosynthesis in Caryophyllales. We previously proposed that l-DOPA 4,5-dioxygenase activity evolved via a single Caryophyllales-specific neofunctionalisation event within the DODA gene lineage. However, this neofunctionalisation event has not been confirmed and the DODA gene lineage exhibits numerous gene duplication events, whose evolutionary significance is unclear. To address this, we functionally characterised 23 distinct DODA proteins for l-DOPA 4,5-dioxygenase activity, from four betalain-pigmented and five anthocyanin-pigmented species, representing key evolutionary transitions across Caryophyllales. By mapping these functional data to an updated DODA phylogeny, we then explored the evolution of l-DOPA 4,5-dioxygenase activity. We find that low l-DOPA 4,5-dioxygenase activity is distributed across the DODA gene lineage. In this context, repeated gene duplication events within the DODA gene lineage give rise to polyphyletic occurrences of elevated l-DOPA 4,5-dioxygenase activity, accompanied by convergent shifts in key functional residues and distinct genomic patterns of micro-synteny. In the context of an updated organismal phylogeny and newly inferred pigment reconstructions, we argue that repeated convergent acquisition of elevated l-DOPA 4,5-dioxygenase activity is consistent with recurrent specialisation to betalain synthesis in Caryophyllales.
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