ArticleJournal of molecular neuroscience : MN2019
Sevoflurane Exerts an Anti-depressive Action by Blocking the HMGB1/TLR4 Pathway in Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Rats.
Article in Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05008939 (Subanesthetic Sevoflurane for Treatment-Resistant Depression), which is not on this map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Subanesthetic Sevoflurane for Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Proof-of-Concept Trial
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Novel and emerging anesthetic drugs for the treatments of major depression: a comprehensive review of efficacy, mechanism, and outlook.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
- Synthetic surprise as the foundation of the psychedelic experience.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2024Review
- Advanced Biomarkers of Hepatotoxicity in Psychiatry: A Narrative Review and Recommendations for New Psychoactive Substances.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Polydatin Prevents Neuroinflammation and Relieves Depression via Regulating Sirt1/HMGB1/NF-κB Signaling in Mice.Neurotoxicity research · 2022Article
- Effects of sevoflurane general anesthesia during early pregnancy on AIM2 expression in the hippocampus and parietal cortex of Sprague-Dawley offspring rats.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021Article
- Arctigenin protects against depression by inhibiting microglial activation and neuroinflammation via HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB and TNF-α/TNFR1/NF-κB pathways.British journal of pharmacology · 2020Article
- Article
- Can Intraoperative Low-DoseFrontiers in pharmacology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate whether sevoflurane has an anti-depressive effect and to elucidate its underlying mechanism. Unpredictable chronic mild stress (uCMS)-treated rats were used for inducing depressive-like behavior and subsequently treated with sevoflurane. A forced swimming test was conducted with the rats. An ELISA was performed to detect the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and inflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus of the rats. Differentially expressed genes in uCMS and normal rats were analyzed by microarray. qRT-PCR, western blot, and flow cytometry, and gain and loss of function measurements were carried out to determine the association between sevoflurane and the HMGB1/TLR4 pathway. A forced swimming test with uCMS rats exposed to sevoflurane demonstrated that a 2% sevoflurane treatment resulted in an anti-depressive effect. In addition, ELISAs of TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α), IL-1β (interleukin-1 beta), IL-6 (interleukin-6), and BDNF supported an effect of sevoflurane on inflammatory cytokines and a neurotrophic factor. HMGB1 was dramatically induced in uCMS rats, and the HMGB1/TLR4 pathway was implicated in sevoflurane exposure. A 2% sevoflurane treatment resulted in a restoration of HMGB1/TLR4 signaling and expression of cytokines and BDNF. HMGB1 overexpression partially prevented the protective effect of 2% SF, suggesting sevoflurane protects uCMS rats.
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Registered trials
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