ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2020
Each Additional Day of Antibiotics Is Associated With Lower Gut Anaerobes in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Patients.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of antibiotics on the intestinal microbiota in children - a systematic review.Frontiers in allergy · 2024Pooled it
- Randomized Trial Evaluating Clinical Impact of RAPid IDentification and Susceptibility Testing for Gram-negative Bacteremia: RAPIDS-GN.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Trial
- Duration of early empirical antibiotic exposure in very low birth weight infants with suspected early-onset sepsis and associated factors: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Perinatal antibiotic exposure and risk of childhood infections: a retrospective cohort study.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2025Article
- Management of Neonates in the Special Care Nursery and Its Impact on the Developing Gut Microbiota: A Comprehensive Clinical Review.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Associations between antibiotic exposure intensity, intestinal microbiome perturbations, and outcomes in premature neonates with bacteremia.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2025Article
- Antibiotic duration and gastric dysmotility in preterm neonates.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2024Article
- Effect of β-lactam antibiotics on the gut microbiota of term neonates.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2024Article
- Antibiotic Use in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Practicing Integrative Medicine-A Retrospective Analysis.Journal of integrative and complementary medicine · 2024Observational
- Temporal development and potential interactions between the gut microbiome and resistome in early childhood.Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Effects of antibiotic therapy on the early development of gut microbiota and butyrate-producers in early infants.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- A microbial consortium alters intestinalmBio · 2023Article
- Old Folks, Bad Boon: Antimicrobial Resistance in the Infant Gut Microbiome.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Intravenous antibiotics in preterm infants have a negative effect upon microbiome development throughout preterm life.Gut pathogens · 2023Article
- Effects of Perinatal Antibiotic Exposure and Neonatal Gut Microbiota.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Antibiotic exposure prevents acquisition of beneficial metabolic functions in the preterm infant gut microbiome.Microbiome · 2022Article
- The resistance within: Antibiotic disruption of the gut microbiome and resistome dynamics in infancy.Cell host & microbe · 2022Review
- Effect of antibiotics in the first week of life on faecal microbiota development.Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition · 2022Article
- Longitudinal multi-omics analyses link gut microbiome dysbiosis with recurrent urinary tract infections in women.Nature microbiology · 2022Article
- Establishing the role of the gut microbiota in susceptibility to recurrent urinary tract infections.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDiscontinuation of inappropriate antimicrobial therapy is an important target for stewardship intervention. The drug and duration-dependent effects of antibiotics on the developing neonatal gut microbiota needs to be precisely quantified.
methodsIn this retrospective, cross-sectional study, we performed 16S rRNA sequencing on stool swab samples collected from neonatal intensive care unit patients within 7 days of discontinuation of therapy who received ampicillin and tobramycin (AT), ampicillin and cefotaxime (AC), or ampicillin, tobramycin, and metronidazole (ATM). We compared taxonomic composition within term and preterm infant groups between treatment regimens. We calculated adjusted effect estimates for antibiotic type and duration of therapy on the richness of obligate anaerobes and known butyrate-producers in all infants.
resultsA total of 72 infants were included in the study. Term infants received AT (20/28; 71%) or AC (8/28; 29%) with median durations of 3 and 3.5 days, respectively. Preterm infants received AT (32/44; 73%) or ATM (12/44; 27%) with median durations of 4 and 7 days, respectively. Compositional analyses of 67 stool swab samples demonstrated low diversity and dominance by potential pathogens. Within 1 week of discontinuation of therapy, each additional day of antibiotics was associated with lower richness of obligate anaerobes (adjusted risk ratio [aRR], 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], .73-.95) and butyrate-producers (aRR, 0.82; 95% CI, .67-.97).
conclusionsEach additional day of antibiotics was associated with lower richness of anaerobes and butyrate-producers within 1 week after therapy. A longitudinally sampled cohort with preexposure sampling is needed to validate our results.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.