Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31367516›Full record

ArticlePreventive medicine reports2019

The association of age at menopause and all-cause and cause-specific mortality by race, postmenopausal hormone use, and smoking status.

Angela M Malek, Catherine J Vladutiu, Michelle L Meyer, Mary Cushman, Roger Newman, Lynda D Lisabeth, Dawn Kleindorfer, Sindhu Lakkur, Virginia J Howard

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Preventive medicine reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Hormone replacement therapy after surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020
    Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Association of Uremic Solutes With Cardiovascular Death in Diabetic Kidney Disease.American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2022
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Angela M MalekDepartment of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
Catherine J VladutiuDepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Michelle L MeyerDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Mary CushmanDepartment of Med-Hematology Oncology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
Roger NewmanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
Lynda D LisabethDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Dawn KleindorferDepartment of Neurology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Sindhu LakkurDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Virginia J HowardDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.

Funding

Long term maternal and infant complications of pre-eclampsiaK01HL138273 · NHLBI · MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA · PI MALEK, ANGELA M · 2018 to 2022
$714k
NHLBI NIH HHS K01 HL138273
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

While a mean age at menopause of 51 years has been reported in the United States (U.S.), some U.S. women experience menopause before age 45, possibly increasing risk of cardiovascular mortality; however, the role in all-cause and cerebrovascular-related mortality is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between age at menopause and all-cause and cause-specific mortality by race, hormone replacement therapy (HRT) use, and smoking status. REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) is a population-based study of 30,239 participants aged ≥45 years enrolled between 2003 and 2007 of whom 14,361 were postmenopausal women. Age at menopause was defined as <45 (early) or ≥45. All-cause and cause-specific mortality were ascertained through 2013. Cox proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between age at menopause and mortality, adjusting for baseline measures. Of 11,287 eligible women (6403 white; 4884 black), mean menopause age was 45.2 (SD 7.9) with 1524 deaths over 7.1 years. Significant interactions were detected between early age at menopause (39%) and HRT use in association with all-cause mortality (

Indexed as

AgeBMI, body mass indexBWHS, Black Women's Health StudyCHD, coronary heart diseaseCI, confidence intervalCoronary heart diseaseCVD, cardiovascular diseaseECG, electrocardiogramFDA, Food and Drug AdministrationHR, hazard ratioHRT, hormone replacement therapyMenopauseMI, myocardial infarctionMortalityMRR, mortality rate ratioNAMS, North American Menopause SocietyNDI, National Death IndexRaceREGARDSREGARDS, REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in StrokeRR, relative riskSD, standard deviationSmokingU.S., United StatesWomen

Identifiers

PMID31367516
PMCPMC6651856

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.