A model-based approach for targeted neurophysiology in the behaving non-human primate.

Acute neurophysiology in the behaving primate typically relies on traditional manufacturing approaches for the instrumentation necessary for recording. For example, our previous approach consisted of distributing single microelectrodes in a fixed plane situated over a circular patch of frontal cortex using conventionally-milled recording grids. With the advent of robust, multisite linear probes, and the introduction of commercially-available, high-resolution rapid prototyping systems, we have been able to improve upon traditional approaches. Here, we report our methodology for producing flexible, MR-informed recording platforms that allow us to precisely target brain structures of interest, including those that would be unreachable using previous methods. We have increased our single-session recording yields by an order of magnitude and recorded neural activity from widely-distributed regions using only a single recording chamber. This approach both speeds data collection, reduces the damage done to neural tissue over the course of a single experiment, and reduces the number of surgical procedures experienced by the animal.