ReviewBirth defects research2019
Electronic nicotine delivery systems and pregnancy: Recent research on perceptions, cessation, and toxicant delivery.
Review in Birth defects research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06297005 (The Impact of E-cigarettes During Pregnancy on Childhood Health Outcomes), which is not on this map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Impact of E-cigarettes During Pregnancy on Childhood Health Outcomes (ECHO) Study.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Prevalence of dual use of combustible tobacco and E-cigarettes among pregnant smokers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Factors influencing the uptake and use of nicotine replacement therapy and e-cigarettes in pregnant women who smoke: a qualitative evidence synthesis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Adverse Physical Consequences of Perinatal E-cigarette Use by Pregnant Mothers on Their Offspring: A Scoping Review.Cureus · 2026Review
- E-Cigarette and Vanillin Exposure Disrupts Cardiovascular Development in Xenopus laevis.Birth defects research · 2025Article
- Exploratory untargeted metabolomics analysis reveals differences in metabolite profiles in pregnant people exposed vs. unexposed to E-cigarettes secondhand in the NYU children's health and environment study.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2025Article
- Vaping guidance and women's decision-making during pregnancy & postpartum.Public health in practice (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Article
- Acute exposure to electronic cigarette components alters mRNA expression of pre-osteoblasts.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2024Article
- Maternal electronic cigarette use during pregnancy affects long-term arterial function in offspring.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2023Article
- E-liquids and vanillin flavoring disrupts retinoic acid signaling and causes craniofacial defects in Xenopus embryos.Developmental biology · 2022Article
- Use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) among U.S. women of reproductive age: Prevalence, reported reasons for use, and toxin exposure.Preventive medicine · 2021Article
- Adverse Birth Outcomes Associated With Prepregnancy and Prenatal Electronic Cigarette Use.Obstetrics and gynecology · 2021Article
- Patterns of combustible and electronic cigarette use during pregnancy and associated pregnancy outcomes.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Early Life Exposure to Nicotine: Postnatal Metabolic, Neurobehavioral and Respiratory Outcomes and the Development of Childhood Cancers.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2020Review
- Extracorporeal support to treat E-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.JTCVS techniques · 2020Article
- Special issue on "Developmental effects of smoking, vaping, and cannabis use".Birth defects research · 2019Article
- Prevalence of Cigarette Smoking, E-cigarette Use, and Dual Use Among Urban and Rural Women During the Peripartum Period, PRAMS 2015-2020.Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), which includes e-cigarettes (ECIGs), are a rapidly-expanding class of products that heat a liquid (which may or may not contain nicotine) to produce an aerosol. The variation of ECIG components is extensive as are their effects on users. Epidemiological data show that while both adults and youth use ECIGs, use among youth has increased dramatically in recent years. Other epidemiological data show that women of reproductive age and some pregnant women are also using ECIGs. The goal of this article is to provide readers with background information about ECIGs, with a focus on recent findings about ECIG use in pregnancy and potential implications. Among pregnant women, correlates of ECIG use include current cigarette smoking, among other factors. Regarding pregnant women's perceptions of ECIG use in pregnancy, two themes emerge from the literature: many pregnant women perceive ECIGs to be safer than conventional cigarettes, and that ECIGs can aid with smoking cessation. In contrast to these perceptions, there is little concrete evidence that ECIGs help smokers quit. In addition, there are concerns about ECIG nicotine and other toxicant delivery. Nicotine is a toxicant of particular concern for pregnant women, as nicotine is known to harm a developing fetus. There are many limitations to existing research, and the literature is scant in this area. Further, new "pod mod"-style ECIGs such as JUUL present new challenges. Overall, with limited evidence of their effectiveness, and concerns about developmental toxicology, the authors do not recommend that pregnant women use ECIGs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.