ArticleAIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education2019
Association of Injection Practices and Overdose With Drug Use Typologies: A Latent Class Analysis Among People Who Inject Drugs in Baltimore, 2017.
Article in AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Characterizing patterns of opioid and stimulant use by route and associations with non-fatal overdose and xylazine use in people who have injected drugs from Baltimore, MD, 2023-2024.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2026Article
- Individual Heterogeneity and Trends in Hepatitis C Infection Risk Among People Who Inject Drugs: A Longitudinal Analysis.Journal of viral hepatitis · 2025Article
- Longitudinal patterns of use of stimulants and opioids in the AIDS linked to the IntraVenous experience cohort, 2005-2019.The International journal on drug policy · 2024Article
- Screening Incarcerated Women for Opioid Use Disorder.Journal of drug issues · 2024Article
- Differential risks of syringe service program participants in Central Ohio: a latent class analysis.Harm reduction journal · 2023Article
- A Novel Capacity-Strengthening Intervention for Frontline Harm Reduction Workers to Support Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Awareness-Building and Promotion Among People Who Use Drugs: Formative Research and Intervention Development.JMIR formative research · 2023Article
- Patterns of opioid use behaviors among patients seen in the emergency department: Latent class analysis of baseline data from the POINT pragmatic trial.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2023Article
- Exponential increases in drug overdose: Implications for epidemiology and research.The International journal on drug policy · 2022Article
- Characterizing substance use typologies and their association with HIV viral load outcomes: A latent class analysis among sexual minority men living with HIV.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Article
- The impact of recent homelessness on the provision of injection drug use initiation assistance among persons who inject drugs in Tijuana, Mexico and Vancouver, Canada.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Article
- Examining risk behavior and syringe coverage among people who inject drugs accessing a syringe services program: A latent class analysis.The International journal on drug policy · 2020Article
- Characterizing motivations for cannabis use in a cohort of people who use illicit drugs: A latent class analysis.PloS one · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Increasing overdose mortality and new HIV outbreaks in the U.S. highlight the need to identify risk behavior profiles among people who inject drugs (PWID). We characterized latent classes of drug use among a community-based sample of 671 PWID in Baltimore during 2017 and evaluated associations of these classes with sharing syringes, obtaining syringes from pharmacies or syringe services programs (SSPs), and nonfatal overdose in the past 6 months. We identified three classes of current drug use: infrequent use (76% of participants), prescription drug use (12%), and heroin and/or cocaine injection (12%). PWID in the heroin and/or cocaine injection and prescription drug use classes had higher odds of both overdose and sharing syringes (relative to infrequent use). PWID in the prescription drug use class were 64% less likely to obtain syringes through SSPs/pharmacies relative to heroin and/or cocaine injection. Harm reduction programs need to engage people who obtain prescription drugs illicitly.
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Registered trials
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