Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31361320›Full record

SynthesisNutrition reviews2019

Nut consumption and incidence of cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular disease mortality: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.

Nerea Becerra-Tomás, Indira Paz-Graniel, Cyril W C Kendall, Hana Kahleova, Dario Rahelić, John L Sievenpiper, Jordi Salas-Salvadó

Open access · bronzeAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Nutrition reviews, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
77citing papers in PubMed, 12 pooled it
13.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

77 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 169 citations in OpenAlex.

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  10. Effects of Hazelnut Consumption on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Acceptance: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
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  12. Nut Consumption for Cognitive Performance: A Systematic Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021
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  16. Is a Handful an Effective Way to Guide Nut Recommendations?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021
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17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.

Nerea Becerra-TomásHuman Nutrition Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; the Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain; and the Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain.
Indira Paz-GranielHuman Nutrition Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; the Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain; and the Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain.
Cyril W C KendallDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and the Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Hana KahleovaInstitute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic; and the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Dario RahelićVuk Vrhovac University Clinic for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Merkur University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia; and the School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
John L SievenpiperDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and the Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Jordi Salas-SalvadóHuman Nutrition Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; the Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain; and the Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain.
Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili · ESCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red · ESInstitute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine · CZSt. Michael's Hospital · CAUniversity of Saskatchewan · CAUniversity of Zagreb · HR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

contextPrevious meta-analyses evaluating the association between nut consumption and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) had substantial methodological limitations and lacked recently published large prospective studies; hence, making an updated meta-analysis highly desirable.

objectiveTo update the clinical guidelines for nutrition therapy in relation to the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD), a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies was conducted using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system to summarize the evidence of the association between total nuts, specific types of nuts, and the incidence of, and mortality from, CVD outcomes. DATA SOURCES: Relevant articles were identified by searching the PubMed and Cochrane databases. DATA EXTRACTION: Two independent researchers screened the articles to identify those that met the inclusion criteria. DATA ANALYSIS: The inverse variance method with fixed-effect or random-effects models was used to pool data across studies (expressed as risk ratio [RR] and 95% confidence interval [CI]). Heterogeneity was tested and quantified using the Cochrane Q test and I2-statistic, respectively. The GRADE system was used to assess the quality of the evidence.

resultsNineteen studies were included in the analyses. The results revealed an inverse association between total nut consumption (comparing highest vs lowest categories) and CVD incidence (RR, 0.85; 95%CI, 0.800.91; I2, 0%), CVD mortality (RR, 0.77; 95%CI, 0.72-0.82; I2, 3%), coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence (RR, 0.82; 95%CI, 0.69-0.96; I2, 74%), CHD mortality (RR, 0.76; 95%CI, 0.67-0.86; I2, 46%), stroke mortality (RR, 0.83; 95%CI, 0.75-0.93; I2, 0%), and atrial fibrillation (RR, 0.85; 95%CI, 0.73-0.99; I2, 0%). No association was observed with stroke incidence and heart failure. The certainty of the evidence ranged from moderate to very low.

conclusionsThis systematic review and meta-analysis revealed a beneficial role of nut consumption in reducing the incidence of, and mortality from, different CVD outcomes.

Indexed as

NutsCardiovascular DiseasesHumansIncidenceObservational Studies as TopicProspective Studiescardiovascular diseasemeta-analysisnutspeanut butterpeanutstree nutswalnuts

Identifiers

PMID31361320
PMCPMC6845198
OpenAlexW2966634943

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.