ArticlePreventive medicine reports2019
Rural-urban disparities in tobacco retail access in the southeastern United States: CVS vs. the dollar stores.
Article in Preventive medicine reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- A smoking cessation intervention for rural veterans tailored to individual risk factors: A multicenter randomized clinical trial.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2024Trial
- Using standalone pharmacies to reduce tobacco retailer availability: neighbourhood associations and two competing policy options in four US states.Tobacco control · 2026Article
- Perceived Tobacco Accessibility and Cigar Initiation: Exploring Racial and Ethnic Differences.Tobacco use insights · 2025Article
- Changes in retail tobacco product sales and market share among retail payroll establishments in the U.S. Economic Census between 1997 and 2017.Preventive medicine reports · 2023Article
- Urban-rural differences in tobacco product availability in food retailers, United States, 2017.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2023Article
- Cancer disparities related to poverty and rurality for 22 top cancers in Florida.Preventive medicine reports · 2022Article
- Variations in Tobacco Retailer Type Across Community Characteristics: Place Matters.Preventing chronic disease · 2022Article
- Cigarettes smoked among daily and non-daily smokers following CVS Health's tobacco-free pharmacy policy.Tobacco control · 2022Article
- Trends in the Number and Type of Tobacco Product Retailers, United States, 2000-2017.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2022Article
- Smoking and the widening inequality in life expectancy between metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas of the United States.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Cumulative disadvantage as a framework for understanding rural tobacco use disparities.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesCVS, the largest US pharmacy chain, discontinued selling tobacco products in 2014; meanwhile, Family Dollar and Dollar General, the two largest dollar store chains, began selling tobacco in 2012 and 2013, respectively. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the differential change in tobacco retailer density (TRD) by rurality throughout 12 Southeastern US states.
methodsTobacco retailer density was calculated for CVS and dollar store locations and combined to represent retailer density change before and after policy changes. Bivariate analyses were conducted to compare the corporate-initiated changes in county-level retailer density across rurality categories.
resultsFindings suggest a statistically significant difference (
conclusionsRecent corporate policy changes on tobacco sales have increased access to tobacco retailers in rural counties considerably more than in urban counties, contributing to further disparities. CVS pharmacies discontinuing tobacco sales caused a decrease in retail density in urban areas, and the decision of the dollar stores locations initiating tobacco sales resulted in a greater burden to rural and small-metro counties.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.