Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31359306›Full record

ArticleForensic science, medicine, and pathology2019

Immunodeficiency as a side effect of anabolic androgenic steroid abuse: a case of necrotizing myofasciitis.

Giuseppe Bertozzi, Francesco Sessa, Francesca Maglietta, Luigi Cipolloni, Monica Salerno, Carmela Fiore, Palmira Fortarezza, Pietrantonio Ricci, Emanuela Turillazzi, Cristoforo Pomara

Abstract readCase Reports
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Forensic science, medicine, and pathology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Nandrolone Decanoate: Use, Abuse and Side Effects.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2020
    Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Lethal nitrous oxide (NJournal of medical case reports · 2023
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Giuseppe BertozziDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto, 71122, Foggia, Italy.
Francesco SessaDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto, 71122, Foggia, Italy. francesco.sessa@unifg.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0357-8791
Francesca MagliettaDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto, 71122, Foggia, Italy.
Luigi CipolloniDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto, 71122, Foggia, Italy.
Monica SalernoDepartment of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Carmela FioreForensic Toxicology Sections, "G. Tatarella" Hospital, Cerignola, Foggia, Italy.
Palmira FortarezzaForensic Toxicology Sections, "G. Tatarella" Hospital, Cerignola, Foggia, Italy.
Pietrantonio RicciDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto, 71122, Foggia, Italy.
Emanuela TurillazziInstitute of Legal Medicine, Department of Surgical, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Cristoforo PomaraDepartment of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
University of Foggia · ITUniversity of Catania · ITUniversity of Pisa · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Even if there are well-known consequences of anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) abuse, their full pathway of action is still being investigated. In this context, the presented case report aims to discuss and provide evidence of unusual adverse effects linked to immunodeficiency in an AAS abuser. In fact, this kind of chronic complication, even if not usually considered, may lead sudden death. In this case a 31-year-old aesthetic weightlifter, who presented to the emergency department due to an accidental fall that resulted in left thigh trauma. This subsequently developed into left thigh necrotizing myofasciitis in the following few days. Although surgery and hyperbaric therapy were carried out, the man died. An autopsy with complete biological sampling for toxicological studies was performed. This case highlights the close relationship between AAS abuse and immunodeficiency and highlights it's importance for further studies. However, it should be considered that of all the dangerous effects produced by AAS use, necrotizing fasciitis is not such an unusual consequence.

Indexed as

Immunocompromised HostAccidental FallsAdultAnabolic AgentsFasciitis, NecrotizingFatal OutcomeHumansInjections, IntramuscularMaleMyositisSubstance-Related DisordersThighWeight LiftingAnabolic AgentsAnabolic androgenic steroidsForensic scienceNecrotizing fasciitisSecondary immunodeficiency

Identifiers

PMID31359306
OpenAlexW2966401655

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.