ReviewCurrent pain and headache reports2019
Treatment Strategies and Effective Management of Phantom Limb-Associated Pain.
Review in Current pain and headache reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for phantom limb pain- a meta analysis of randomized controlled trials.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Pooled it
- Cryoneurolysis for phantom limb pain: a systematic review.Pain management · 2024Pooled it
- Pain, Shame, and Power: An Autoethnographic Exploration of Chronic Pain.Qualitative health research · 2026Article
- Intrathecal Ziconotide Long-Term Management in Chronic Postamputation Pain.Case reports in anesthesiology · 2026Article
- Overview of Cochrane Systematic Reviews for rehabilitation interventions in persons with amputation: a mapping synthesis.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine · 2025Review
- Phantom Limb Pain Management.The Journal of hand surgery · 2025Review
- Comparison of different pain management strategies during the perioperative period of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study.Perioperative medicine (London, England) · 2025Article
- A preliminary study exploring the effects of transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation on spinal excitability and phantom limb pain in people with a transtibial amputation.Journal of neural engineering · 2024Article
- Phantom limb pain, traumatic neuroma, or nerve sheath tumor? Illustrative case.Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons · 2024Article
- Whole-Body Cryostimulation, a Complementary Treatment for Phantom Limb Syndrome: Preliminary Evidence from a Case Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Electroacupuncture alleviates the relapse of pain-related aversive memory by activating KOR and inhibiting GABAergic neurons in the insular cortex.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2023Article
- Detangling the Structural Neural Correlates Associated with Resting versus Dynamic Phantom Limb Pain Intensity Using a Voxel-based Morphometry Analysis.Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2023Article
- Case report: A combination of mirror therapy and magnetic stimulation to the sacral plexus relieved phantom limb pain in a patient.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Psychiatric Approach in Phantom Erection Postpenectomy Patient.Case reports in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Central nervous system stimulation therapies in phantom limb pain: a systematic review of clinical trials.Neural regeneration research · 2022Article
- Parietal Lobe Reorganization and Widespread Functional Connectivity Integration in Upper-Limb Amputees: A rs-fMRI Study.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Article
- Primary Motor Area Activity in Phantom Limb Imagery of Traumatic Unilateral Lower Limb Amputees With Phantom Limb Pain.Advances in rehabilitation science and practiceArticle
- Virtual and Augmented Reality-based Treatments for Phantom Limb Pain: A Systematic Review.Innovations in clinical neuroscienceReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purpose of reviewPhantom sensations are incompletely understood phenomena which take place following an amputation or deafferentation of a limb. They can present as kinetic, kinesthetic, or exteroceptive perceptions. It is estimated that phantom limb pain (PLP) affects anywhere from 40 to 80% of amputees. RECENT
findingsPsychiatric illnesses such as depression, anxiety, and mood disorders have higher prevalence in amputees than in the general population. Pharmacologic treatment has been used as first-line therapy for amputees suffering from PLP with agents including gabapentinoids, amitriptyline, and other tricyclic anti-depressants, opioids, and local anesthetics. Non-invasive treatment modalities exist for PLP including sensory motor training, mirror visual therapy, and non-invasive neuromodulation. Non-invasive neuromodulation includes interventions like transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and transcranial magnetic stimulation. While many promising therapies for PLP exist, more clinical trials are required to determine the efficacy and protocols needed for maximum benefit in patients suffering from PLP.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.