ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2019
Enhancing humoral immunity via sustained-release implantable microneedle patch vaccination.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
96 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 194 citations in OpenAlex.
- Controlling timing and location in vaccines.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Trial
- A n-heneicosane solid emulsion as a single-dose subunit vaccine elicits broad and durable immune responses in an aged and a Pox virus model.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Article
- Highly cited original research in microneedle science from 2015 to 2025 a bibliometric and altmetric analysis.Discover nano · 2026Review
- Microneedle-based theranostics for melanoma: Advances and outlook.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Emerging and Prospective Engineering Technologies Enabling Microneedle Based Vaccine Therapeutics.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Review
- Leveraging tissue-resident memory T cells for non-invasive immune monitoring via microneedle skin patches.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- The Squalene Oil-in-Water Nanoemulsion Vaccine Carrier AddaVax Potentiates TLR-Induced B-Cell Responses.Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology · 2026Article
- Enabling global access to potent subunit vaccines with a simple and scalable injectable hydrogel platform.Biomaterials science · 2026Article
- Research Progress of Microneedles in Vaccine Delivery.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Subunit vaccination using Atomic Layering Thermostable Antigen and Adjuvant (ALTAFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Engineering microneedles for biosensing and drug delivery.Bioactive materials · 2025Review
- Polymeric microneedle advancements in macromolecule drug delivery: current trends, challenges, and future perspectives.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Microneedle delivery systems for vaccines and immunotherapy.Smart molecules : open access · 2025Review
- Can breakthroughs in dermal and transdermal macromolecule delivery surmount existing barriers and revolutionize future therapeutics?Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Sustained exposure to multivalent antigen-decorated nanoparticles generates broad anti-coronavirus responses.Matter · 2025Article
- Linking vaccine adjuvant mechanisms of action to function.Science immunology · 2025Review
- Beyond the Needle: Innovative Microneedle-Based Transdermal Vaccination.Medicines (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Modulating Adjuvant Release Kinetics From Scaffold Vaccines to Tune Adaptive Immune Responses.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Article
- Sinomenine in cerebral ischemia: mechanisms, delivery strategies, and the emerging multifunctional biomaterials of the bone-brain axis.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Sustained exposure of lymphoid tissues to vaccine antigens promotes humoral immunity, but traditional bolus immunizations lead to rapid antigen clearance. We describe a technology to tailor vaccine kinetics in a needle-free platform translatable to human immunization. Solid pyramidal microneedle (MN) arrays were fabricated with silk fibroin protein tips encapsulating a stabilized HIV envelope trimer immunogen and adjuvant, supported on a dissolving polymer base. Upon brief skin application, vaccine-loaded silk tips are implanted in the epidermis/upper dermis where they release vaccine over a time period determined by the crystallinity of the silk matrix. Following MN immunization in mice, Env trimer was released over 2 wk in the skin, correlating with increased germinal center (GC) B cell responses, a ∼1,300-fold increase in serum IgG titers and a 16-fold increase in bone marrow (BM) plasma cells compared with bolus immunization. Thus, implantable MNs provide a practical means to substantially enhance humoral immunity to subunit vaccines.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.