Trial reportClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2019
Antitumor Activity and Tolerability of hu14.18-IL2 with GMCSF and Isotretinoin in Recurrent or Refractory Neuroblastoma: A Children's Oncology Group Phase II Study.
Trial report in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunotherapy for Leiomyosarcoma: Current Status and Perspectives.Journal of immunology research · 2026Review
- Immunotherapeutic Strategies Targeting GD2-Expressing Malignancies.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- GD2 is a Crucial Ganglioside in the Signal Modulation and Application as a Target of Cancer Therapeutics.Cancer science · 2025Review
- Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling determines neuroblastoma cell fate and sensitivity to retinoic acid.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Natural killer cells in neuroblastoma: immunological insights and therapeutic perspectives.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2024Review
- Mechanistic and Therapeutic Implications of Protein and Lipid Sialylation in Human Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Phase I study of safety and efficacy of allogeneic natural killer cell therapy in relapsed/refractory neuroblastomas post autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Arsenic trioxide induces ferroptosis in neuroblastoma by mediating GPX4 transcriptional inhibition.Clinical and translational science · 2024Article
- Tumor-Homing Antibody-Cytokine Fusions for Cancer Therapy.OncoTargets and therapy · 2024Review
- IL-2 based cancer immunotherapies: an evolving paradigm.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Aryl hydrocarbon receptor is a tumor promoter iniScience · 2023Article
- Engineered antibody cytokine chimera synergizes with DNA-launched nanoparticle vaccines to potentiate melanoma suppressionFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- The biological role and immunotherapy of gangliosides and GD3 synthase in cancers.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Review
- Neuroblastoma Tumor-Associated Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Regulate the Cytolytic Functions of NK Cells.Cancers · 2022Article
- MYCN Impact on High-Risk Neuroblastoma: From Diagnosis and Prognosis to Targeted Treatment.Cancers · 2022Review
- Anti-GD2 Antibodies Conjugated to IL15 and IL21 Mediate Potent Antitumor Cytotoxicity against Neuroblastoma.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2022Article
- Pharmacogenetics in Neuroblastoma: What Can Already Be Clinically Implemented and What Is Coming Next?International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Engineered Cytokines for Cancer and Autoimmune Disease Immunotherapy.Advanced healthcare materials · 2021Review
- Utilizing Immunocytokines for Cancer Therapy.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Immune Modulation Plus Tumor Ablation: Adjuvants and Antibodies to Prime and Boost Anti-Tumor ImmunityFrontiers in immunology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeCombining anti-GD2 (disialoganglioside) mAb with GM-CSF, IL2, and isotretinoin is now FDA-approved for high-risk neuroblastoma minimal residual disease (MRD) therapy. The humanized anti-GD2 antibody conjugated to IL2 (hu14.18-IL2) has clinical activity in neuroblastoma and is more effective in neuroblastoma-bearing mice than antibody and cytokine given separately. We therefore evaluated the safety, tolerability, and antitumor activity of hu14.18-IL2 given with GM-CSF and isotretinoin in a schedule similar to standard MRD therapy. PATIENTS AND
methodsHu14.18-IL2 was given at the recommended phase II dose of 12 mg/m
resultsFifty-two patients with recurrent or refractory neuroblastoma were enrolled; 51 were evaluable for toxicity and 45 were evaluable for response. Four patients had unacceptable toxicities, well below the protocol-defined rule for tolerability. Other grade 3 and 4 nonhematologic toxicities were expected and reversible. No responses were seen in stratum 1 (
conclusionsHu14.18-IL2 given in combination with GM-CSF and isotretinoin is safe and tolerable. Patients with MIBG and/or bone marrow-only disease had a 16.1% response rate, confirming activity of the combination.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.