ArticleStem cell research & therapy2019
Mouse embryonic palatal mesenchymal cells maintain stemness through the PTEN-Akt-mTOR autophagic pathway.
Article in Stem cell research & therapy, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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13 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Running exercise alleviates chronic heart failure by promoting cardiomyocyte autophagic flux through the NEAT1-QKI affecting Beclin1/LC3B mRNA stability.Biology direct · 2026Article
- OGT mediates O-GlcNAcylation of MEIS2 and affects palatal osteogenic development.International journal of oral science · 2026Article
- Integrated Phosphoproteomics Identifies TGFβ-Dependent Phosphorylation Events Linking Kinase Signaling to Autophagy in Palatogenesis.Proteomes · 2026Article
- MEOX2: a homeobox transcription factor with multifaceted biological functions and broad disease associations.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Novel susceptibility gene SLC23A2 functions via PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway in etiology of non-syndromic cleft palate.Journal of human genetics · 2025Observational
- SEC31a-ATG9a Interaction Mediates the Recruitment of COPII Vesicles for Autophagosome Formation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Lhx6 deficiency causes human embryonic palatal mesenchymal cell mitophagy dysfunction in cleft palate.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Article
- PTEN inhibition enhances sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor by suppressing the MRE11-RAD50-NBN complex.British journal of cancer · 2024Article
- The mechanisms governing mouse embryonic palate mesenchymal cells' proliferation associated with atRA-induced cleft palate in mice: insights from integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses.Archives of toxicology · 2023Article
- Chloroquine regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of palate development on mice embryo by activating P53 through blocking autophagy in vitro.In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal · 2022Article
- ERK inhibition in glioblastoma is associated with autophagy activation and tumorigenesis suppression.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2022Article
- Erythropoietin Activates Autophagy to Regulate Apoptosis and Angiogenesis of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells via the Akt/ERK1/2/BAD Signaling Pathway under Inflammatory Microenvironment.Stem cells international · 2022Article
- Inactivation of PI3K/Akt promotes the odontoblastic differentiation and suppresses the stemness with autophagic flux in dental pulp cells.Journal of dental sciences · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBoth genetic and environmental factors are implicated in the pathogenesis of cleft palate. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms that regulate the development of palatal shelves, which are composed of mesenchymal cells, have not yet been fully elucidated. This study aimed to determine the stemness and multilineage differentiation potential of mouse embryonic palatal mesenchyme (MEPM) cells in palatal shelves and to explore the underlying regulatory mechanism associated with cleft palate formation.
methodsPalatal shelves excised from mice models were cultured in vitro to ascertain whether MEPM are stem cells through immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. The osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation potential of MEPM cells were also determined to characterize MEPM stemness. In addition, the role of the PTEN-Akt-mTOR autophagic pathway was investigated using quantitative RT-PCR, Western blotting, and transmission electron microscopy.
resultsMEPM cells in culture exhibited cell surface marker expression profiles similar to that of mouse bone marrow stem cells and exhibited positive staining for vimentin (mesodermal marker), nestin (ectodermal marker), PDGFRα, Efnb1, Osr2, and Meox2 (MEPM cells markers). In addition, exposure to PDGFA stimulated chemotaxis of MEPM cells. MEPM cells exhibited stronger potential for osteogenic differentiation as compared to that for adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. Undifferentiated MEPM cells displayed a high concentration of autophagosomes, which disappeared after differentiation (at passage four), indicating the involvement of PTEN-Akt-mTOR signaling.
conclusionsOur findings suggest that MEPM cells are ectomesenchymal stem cells with a strong osteogenic differentiation potential and that maintenance of their stemness via PTEN/AKT/mTOR autophagic signaling prevents cleft palate development.
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