Observational studyJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2019
PrEP Use Among Female Sex Workers: No Evidence for Risk Compensation.
Observational study in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Impact of daily, oral pre-exposure prophylaxis on the risk of bacterial sexually transmitted infections among cisgender women: a systematic review and narrative synthesis.Wellcome open research · 2022Pooled it
- Oral preexposure prophylaxis use and the risk of bacterial sexually transmitted infections and HIV among African women: A prospective observational cohort study.PLoS medicine · 2026Trial
- Effect of pre-exposure prophylaxis on risky sexual behaviour of female sex workers in Dakar, Senegal: A randomised controlled trial.PLoS medicine · 2025Trial
- Impact of universal testing and treatment on sexual risk behaviour and herpes simplex virus type 2: a prespecified secondary outcomes analysis of the HPTN 071 (PopART) community-randomised trial.The lancet. HIV · 2022Trial
- Acceptability of multiple modalities of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among female sex workers in Tanzania: a mixed-methods study.BMJ open · 2022Trial
- Effect of HIV Self-Testing on PrEP Adherence Among Gender-Diverse Sex Workers in Uganda: A Randomized Trial.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2022Trial
- Successful integration of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis into a community-based HIV prevention program for female sex workers in Kolkata, India.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2021Trial
- Intensive longitudinal follow-up of cisgender and transgender women engaged in sex work during the three months following initiation of daily oral PrEP: A series of case-studies with mixed-method assessments.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- A decade of PrEP: the evolution of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis content and sentiments in South African print news media, 2012-2021.Culture, health & sexuality · 2024Article
- Dimensional Reduction in Barriers and Facilitators to Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Uptake Willingness for Full-Service Sex Workers.Archives of sexual behavior · 2024Article
- Exploring Attitudes Toward Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis for HIV Prevention Prior to Implementation Among Female Sex Workers in Malaysia: Results from a Qualitative Study.Patient preference and adherence · 2024Article
- A Human Rights Case Study on Access to Pre-exposure Prophylaxis for Female Sex Workers in South Africa.Health and human rights · 2022Article
- Increased condom use among key populations using oral PrEP in Kenya: results from large scale programmatic surveillance.BMC public health · 2022Article
- The Value of Assessing Self-Reported and Biological Indicators of Outcomes in Evaluating HIV Programs.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2021Review
- Pre and Post-exposure Prophylaxis Awareness and Acceptability Among Sex Workers in Jamaica: A Cross-Sectional Study.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
- Knowledge and Use of PEP and PrEP Among Key Populations Tested in Community Centers in Portugal.Frontiers in public health · 2021Article
- Characterizing the role of intersecting stigmas and sustained inequities in driving HIV syndemics across low-to-middle-income settings.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2020Review
- Trends in Reported Sexual Behavior and Y-Chromosomal DNA Detection Among Female Sex Workers in the Senegal Preexposure Prophylaxis Demonstration Project.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2020Article
- HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis for female sex workers: ensuring women's family planning needs are not left behind.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2020Article
- "Far More than Just a Prescription": Focus Groups With U.S. Family Planning Providers and Staff About Integrating PrEP for HIV Prevention Into Their Work.Women's health issues : official publication of the Jacobs Institute of Women's HealthArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLittle is known about risk compensation among female sex workers (FSW) on HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), and self-report of sexual behaviors is subject to bias.
settingProspective observational PrEP demonstration study conducted among FSW in Cotonou, Benin.
methodsOver a period of 24 months, we assessed and compared trends in unprotected sex as measured by self-report (last 2 or 14 days), by detection of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and by vaginal detection of prostate-specific antigen and Y-chromosomal DNA, 2 biomarkers of semen exposure in the last 2 or 14 days, respectively. Trends were assessed and compared using a log-binomial regression that was simultaneously fit for all unprotected sex measures.
resultsOf 255 participants, 120 (47.1%) completed their follow-up. Prevalence of STI decreased from 15.8% (95% confidence interval: 11.8% to 21.0%) at baseline to 2.1% (95% confidence interval: 0.4% to 10.2%) at 24 months of follow-up (P-trend = 0.04). However, we observed no trend in self-report of unprotected sex in the last 2 (P = 0.42) or 14 days (P = 0.49), nor in prostate-specific antigen (P = 0.53) or Y chromosomal DNA (P = 0.25) over the same period. We observed no statistically significant difference between trends in self-report of unprotected sex and trends in biomarkers of semen exposure in the last 2 days (P = 0.14) or in the last 14 days (P = 0.29).
conclusionsWe observed no evidence of risk compensation, and a decrease in STI among FSW on PrEP. PrEP intervention may be an opportunity to control STI among FSW. Future studies should assess risk compensation with biomarkers of semen exposure when possible.
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