ArticleMultiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)2020
Age-related decreases in relapses among adults with relapsing-onset multiple sclerosis.
Article in Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Discontinuation of First-Line Disease-Modifying Therapy in Patients With Stable Multiple Sclerosis: The DOT-MS Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA neurology · 2025Trial
- Anti-CD20 Discontinuation Versus Continuation in People Aged Over 50 With Non-Active Multiple Sclerosis.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Modulation of the immunological and neuroinflammatory microenvironment in older people with multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Severe attacks and worse prognosis in patients with late-onset neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder highlight the need for early highly effective treatment.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Peripheral HLA-DRNeurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- HHV-6 and EBV reactivation in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis: Disability, progression, and inflammation links.iScience · 2025Article
- Predictors of early disability accumulation in newly diagnosed multiple sclerosis: clinical, imaging and cerebrospinal fluid measures.Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2025Article
- Disease-modifying therapy during pregnancy and postpartum relapse activity in women with multiple sclerosis undergoing assisted reproductive technology treatment: a nationwide cohort study.BMJ neurology open · 2025Article
- Aging is associated with reduced inflammatory disease activity independent of disease duration in relapsing multiple sclerosis trial populations.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2024Article
- Correlates and trajectories of relapses in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Innate and adaptive immune abnormalities underlying autoimmune diseases: the genetic connections.Science China. Life sciences · 2023Review
- Molecular Mechanisms of Immunosenescene and Inflammaging: Relevance to the Immunopathogenesis and Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Review
- Gadolinium enhancement on cranial MRI in multiple sclerosis is age dependent.Journal of neurology · 2020Article
- Informing Medication Discontinuation Decisions among Older Adults with Relapsing-Onset Multiple Sclerosis.Drugs & aging · 2020Article
- Outcomes in patients with multiple sclerosis and solid organ cancers treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.Neuro-oncology advancesArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRelapsing-onset multiple sclerosis (MS) typically starts in early- to mid-adulthood, yet the trajectory of disease activity over the subsequent lifetime remains poorly defined. Previous studies have not quantified the age-specific portion of decreases in annualized relapse rates (ARR).
objectiveThe aim of this article is to determine, under a range of disease-related assumptions, the age-specific component of decreases in ARR over time among adults with relapsing-onset MS.
methodsWe used a simulation modeling approach to examine a range of assumptions about changes in ARR due to age versus disability status. Scenarios included variations in initial ARR and rate of worsening on the Expanded Disability Status Scale. Model parameters were developed through analysis of MS patients in British Columbia, Canada, and literature review.
resultsWe found a substantial age-specific decrease in ARR in all simulated scenarios, independent of disability worsening. Under a range of clinically plausible assumptions, 88%-97% of the decrease was attributed to age and 3%-13% to disability. The age-specific decrease ranged from 22% to 37% per 5 years for a wide range of initial ARR (0.33-1.0).
conclusionDecreases in ARR were due mostly to age rather than disability status. To facilitate informed decision making in MS, it is important to quantify the dynamic relationship between relapses and age.
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