Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31353780›Full record

ArticleNeuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society2020

Design and Evaluation of a Rodent-Specific Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Coil: An In Silico and In Vivo Validation Study.

Julia Boonzaier, Petar I Petrov, Willem M Otte, Nickolay Smirnov, Sebastiaan F W Neggers, Rick M Dijkhuizen

Abstract readValidation Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Multi-coil TMS for preclinical applications in ultra-high-field MRI.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
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  15. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Julia BoonzaierBiomedical Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0633-7427
Petar I PetrovDepartment of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Willem M OtteBiomedical Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Nickolay SmirnovR&D Department, Neurosoft, Ivanovo, Russia.
Sebastiaan F W NeggersDepartment of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Rick M DijkhuizenBiomedical Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Funding

DeNeCor Project, part of the ENIAC Joint UndertakingNetherlands Organization for Scientific Research VICI 016.130.662
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRodent models are fundamental in unraveling cellular and molecular mechanisms of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-induced effects on the brain. However, proper translation of human TMS protocols to animal models have been restricted by the lack of rodent-specific focal TMS coils.

objectiveWe aimed to improve TMS focalization in rodent brain with a novel small, cooled, and rodent-specific TMS coil.

methodsA rodent-specific 25-mm figure-of-eight TMS coil was developed. Stimulation focalization was simulated in silico for the rodent coil and a commercial human 50-mm figure-of-eight TMS coil. Both coils were also compared in vivo by electromyography measurements of brachialis motor evoked potential (MEP) responses to TMS at different brain sites in anesthetized rats (n = 6). Focalization was determined from the coils' level of stimulation laterality. Differences in MEPs were statistically analyzed with repeated-measures, within-subjects, ANOVA.

resultsIn silico simulation results deemed the human coil insufficient for unilateral stimulation of the rat motor cortex, whereas lateralized electrical field induction was projected attainable with the rodent coil. Cortical, in vivo MEP amplitude measurements from multiple points in each hemisphere, revealed unilateral activation of the contralateral brachialis muscle, in absence of ipsilateral brachialis activation, with both coils.

conclusionComputer simulations motivated the design of a smaller rodent-specific TMS coil, but came short in explaining the capability of a larger commercial human coil to induce unilateral MEPs in vivo. Lateralized TMS, as demonstrated for both TMS coils, corroborates their use in translational rodent studies, to elucidate mechanisms of action of therapeutic TMS protocols.

Indexed as

Computer SimulationModels, AnimalAnimalsEquipment DesignEvoked Potentials, MotorMaleRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyTranscranial Magnetic StimulationElectric fieldsfinite element analysismotor evoked potentialratstranscranial magnetic stimulation

Identifiers

PMID31353780
PMCPMC7216963

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.