Trial reportThe journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences2020
Investigating the Effects of Spacing on Working Memory Training Outcome: A Randomized, Controlled, Multisite Trial in Older Adults.
Trial report in The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04344028 (Examining the Potential for Placebo Effects in Cognitive Training), which is not on this map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Examining the Potential for Placebo Effects in Cognitive Training
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Behaviour Change Techniques in Computerized Cognitive Training for Cognitively Healthy Older Adults: A Systematic Review.Neuropsychology review · 2023Pooled it
- Near transfer to an unrelated N-back task mediates the effect of N-back working memory training on matrix reasoning.Nature human behaviour · 2022Pooled it
- Change-detection training and its effects on visual processing skills.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- The Role of Inhibitory Control in Moderating Working Memory Training Transfer: Evidence from a Preregistered Trial with Older Adults.Research square · 2026Article
- Development of a Cognitive Training Support Programme for prevention of dementia and cognitive decline in at-risk older adults.Frontiers in dementia · 2024Article
- Investigating the Role of Individual Differences in Adherence to Cognitive Training.Journal of cognition · 2023Article
- Cognitive interventions for memory and psychological well-being in aging and dementias.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Review
- Experimental investigation of training schedule on home-based working memory training in healthy older adults.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- EngAge - A metacognitive intervention to supplement working memory training: A feasibility study in older adults.Aging brain · 2023Article
- Measuring the building blocks of everyday cognition: executive functions and relational reasoning.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Expectation effects in working memory training.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Effects of Multisession Prefrontal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Long-term Memory and Working Memory in Older Adults.Journal of cognitive neuroscience · 2022Article
- Feasibility of a Home-Based Task-Switching Training in Middle-Aged Caregivers.Journal of cognitive enhancement : towards the integration of theory and practice · 2022Article
- Exploring Individual Differences as Predictors of Performance Change During Dual-N-Back Training.Journal of cognitive enhancement : towards the integration of theory and practice · 2021Article
- Activity Engagement and Cognitive Performance Amongst Older Adults.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe majority of the population will experience some cognitive decline with age. Therefore, the development of effective interventions to mitigate age-related decline is critical for older adults' cognitive functioning and their quality of life.
methodsIn our randomized controlled multisite trial, we target participants' working memory (WM) skills, and in addition, we focus on the intervention's optimal scheduling in order to test whether and how the distribution of training sessions might affect task learning, and ultimately, transfer. Healthy older adults completed an intervention targeting either WM or general knowledge twice per day, once per day, or once every-other-day. Before and after the intervention and 3 months after training completion, participants were tested in a variety of cognitive domains, including those representing functioning in everyday life.
resultsIn contrast to our hypotheses, spacing seems to affect learning only minimally. We did observe some transfer effects, especially within the targeted cognitive domain (WM and inhibition/interference), which remained stable at the 3-month follow-up. DISCUSSION: Our findings have practical implications by showing that the variation in training schedule, at least within the range used here, does not seem to be a crucial element for training benefits.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.