ArticleThe American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry2020
Reproductive History and Cognitive Aging: The Bogalusa Heart Study.
Article in The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations between adverse pregnancy outcomes and cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The lancet. Healthy longevity · 2024Pooled it
- Reproductive history differentially shapes the neural response of middle-aged hAPOEɛ4 female rats to estradiol therapy after a metabolic challenge.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- Pregnancy and breastfeeding are associated with less later-life cognitive decline in a longitudinal, prospective cohort.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes and Cognitive Change in Older Women.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2026Article
- Reproductive health history and later life cognition in African Caribbean women.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Brain Health in Midlife: The CARDIA Study.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2025Article
- Lifetime history of gestational diabetes and cognitive function in parous women in midlife.Diabetologia · 2025Article
- Low-dose aspirin, maternal cardiometabolic health, and offspring respiratory health 9 to 14 years after delivery: Findings from the EAGeR Follow-up Study.Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology · 2024Article
- Association of birthweight and risk of incident dementia: a prospective cohort study.GeroScience · 2024Article
- Lifetime History of Low Birth Weight Delivery and Cognitive Function in Middle-Aged Parous Women.Neurology · 2024Article
- Effects of reproductive experience on cost-benefit decision making in female rats.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2024Article
- Associations of reproductive factors and exogenous estrogens with global and domain-specific cognition in later life.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Matrescence: lifetime impact of motherhood on cognition and the brain.Trends in cognitive sciences · 2023Review
- Race and sex differences in the association between lifespan glycemic status and midlife cognitive function: the Bogalusa heart study.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Associations Between Parity and Cognition: Race/Ethnic Differences.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2023Article
- The mediating role of socioeconomic status on the relationship between pregnancy history and later-life cognition.Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society · 2022Article
- Pregnancy, preeclampsia and maternal aging: From epidemiology to functional genomics.Ageing research reviews · 2022Review
- A Lifecourse Perspective on Female Sex-Specific Risk Factors for Later Life Cognition.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlthough it has become increasingly clear that pregnancy-related health predicts later-life cardiometabolic health, the relationship between reproductive history and cognitive health is less frequently studied. Although some research has identified associations between parity or hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and cognitive changes, the evidence is mixed.
objectiveTo examine the association between reproductive history and midlife cognition in a community-based population. STUDY
designSeven hundred and thirty midlife women in the Bogalusa Heart Study completed a brief cognitive battery (memory, attention, executive function, and processing speed) and were interviewed about their reproductive history. Reproductive history (parity, age at first pregnancy, and breastfeeding) and pregnancy complications (low birthweight, preterm birth, hypertensive disorders, and miscarriage) were examined as predictors of cognitive function, with adjustment for potential confounders.
resultsNulliparous women had an overall lower cognitive score (adjusted beta -1.50, standard error [SE]: 0.41). Adolescent birth was associated with a somewhat better performance on the Trail Making Test (beta -0.31, SE: 0.15 for birth <16 years), while high parity was not strongly associated with any of the cognitive measures. History of pregnancy complications was not strongly associated with cognitive function, whereas history of miscarriage was associated with better cognitive function, as was a history of breastfeeding (beta overall score 0.90, SE: 0.29), particularly noticeable for semantic memory and in those with more total breastfeeding time (beta for overall score among those with >24 weeks lifetime breastfeeding, beta 1.21, SE: 0.44).
conclusionNulliparity and breastfeeding are associated with midlife cognition in women. Future studies should examine possible mechanisms by which these associations are created.
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