ArticleBMC research notes2019
Prevalence of ethanol and other potentially harmful excipients in pediatric oral medicines: survey of community pharmacies in a Nigerian City.
Article in BMC research notes, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Optimising Formulations for Paediatric Patients with Inherited Metabolic Disorders: The Case Study of Levocarnitine.Pharmaceutical medicine · 2026Review
- The Current States, Challenges, Ongoing Efforts, and Future Perspectives of Pharmaceutical Excipients in Pediatric Patients in Each Country and Region.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Excipients in the Paediatric Population: A Review.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- High concentrations of urinary ethanol metabolites in neonatal intensive care unit infants.Pediatric research · 2020Article
- Safety and Biopharmaceutical Challenges of Excipients in Off-Label Pediatric Formulations.International journal of general medicine · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveExcipients are needed in the formulation of oral liquid medicines intended for children; they have however been reported to trigger safety issues. This study evaluated the concentrations and prevalence of ethanol and other potentially harmful excipients in pediatric formulations marketed in South Eastern Nigeria in line with international labeling guidelines and allowable daily limits (ADL). The study sampled oral pediatric formulations offered for sale in registered pharmacies. Those with accessible information leaflets were assessed for the presence and quantity of previously flagged excipients with potential to harm the pediatric population.
resultOf the 380 oral pediatric medicines, 140 provided access to list/quantity of ingredients. 47.9% (67) of the formulations contain at least one of the flagged excipients while the remaining only listed the active ingredients. Ethanol had the highest occurrence (62.7%) and was more in cough/cold medicines. A homeopathic cough and cold remedy had concentration of 90% v/v. Ethanol and sucrose in some formulations exhibited concentrations with a potential of crossing their approved daily intake (ADI) (1-90% v/v and 1.7 g-3.7 g/5 ml respectively). Ethanol use in studied pediatric formulations was quite high, with ethanol-containing formulations being prescribed for children 0-6 years and older. Only 26 (38.8%) completely satisfied the labelling requirements for ethanol containing formulations.
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